➤ How do electrolyte imbalances like hypokalemia cause prominent U waves?
Hypokalemia reduces outward potassium currents and prolongs ventricular repolarization, which accentuates the U wave. Low magnesium can worsen this effect. These ionic changes increase transmural voltage differences and delay late repolarization, producing deep, peaked U waves and increasing the risk of torsades or other ventricular arrhythmias.
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