Race is often used in clinical trials and public health studies. In these instances, howrace being…

➤ Why is using race as a biological variable problematic?
Because race is a social construct, using it biologically risks misattributing causes and reinforcing stereotypes. It can mask genetic diversity, produce population stratification bias, and confound social determinants like income, housing, and access to care. That undermines precision medicine and limits identification of modifiable risk factors.