Category: Management

➤ When should renal replacement therapy be started in nonoliguric AKI?
Start renal replacement therapy when life‑threatening complications arise. Indications include refractory hyperkalemia, severe metabolic acidosis, pulmonary edema from volume overload, uremic encephalopathy or pericarditis, and progressive azotemia despite medical care. Urine volume alone rarely dictates dialysis; monitor electrolytes, acid‑base status, and fluid balance.

Your patient has a deep vein thrombosis in the left lower extremity. The patient is prescribed continuous IV Heparin. Select all the interventions that are appropriate for this patient:

➤ Why do managed care organizations use capitation instead of fee-for-service?
Managed care organizations choose capitation for predictable budgeting and stronger incentives to control costs. It rewards preventive care and care coordination by aligning payment with patients under care. However, it can create risk of under‑service, so contracts include performance measures and utilization safeguards to protect quality while encouraging efficient resource use.

➤ When should preventive migraine therapy be considered for patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease?
Consider prevention when headaches occur more than four days per month, cause marked disability, or when acute treatments are ineffective or overused. Prefer preventives that align with cardiovascular care, such as beta‑blockers (for example, metoprolol) for patients with CAD and hypertension, after checking contra‑indications and tolerability.

Which of the following types of fatty acids are essential for normal growth and development and appear to playan important role in the prevention and treatment of many chronic diseases?

A nurse is evaluating the following arterial blood gas values: pH 7.35, PaO2 95 mm Hg, SaO2 95%, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L. How does the nurse interpret these results?