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    **files (6)** – ## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx – ## LAW204Assignment5INSTRUCTIONS.docx – ## LAW204Assignment3INSTRUCTIONS.docx – ## LAW204Assignment2instructions.docx – ## LAW204Assignment4INSTRUCTIONS.docx – ## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx **## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx** **Required Course Textbook(s)** · …

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    **files (6)**

    – ## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx

    – ## LAW204Assignment5INSTRUCTIONS.docx

    – ## LAW204Assignment3INSTRUCTIONS.docx

    – ## LAW204Assignment2instructions.docx

    – ## LAW204Assignment4INSTRUCTIONS.docx

    – ## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx

    **## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx**

    **Required Course Textbook(s)**

    · Anderson's Business Law and Legal Environment: Comprehensive Edition, 24th Edition

    **By:** Twomey, David P.

    **ISBN:** 978-0-357-36374-4

    **## LAW204Assignment5INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 5: Distinguish the different types of business entities

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    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>In this assignment, articulate the advantages and disadvantages of partnerships, LPs, LLCs, and LLPs. Please be sure to include in your discussion the characteristics of each type of business entity and what makes them unique. <br>Thoroughly explain your answer, and be sure to focus on the assigned reading for this week when answering the questions. <br>For Assignment 4, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations |

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    **## LAW204Assignment3INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 3: Analyze Torts and Liability

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    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Allison operates a pizza establishment and has run into difficult economic times. Just when Allison feels that her business is finally going well, a new pizza place opens nearby. Allison cannot stand the thought of again facing bankruptcy for a business that she has worked so hard to start. Allison contacts the suppliers of the new pizza place and tries to convince them not to deal with the new place. The creditworthiness of the new restaurant is lied about, and the moral character of the owner is called into question. What torts has Allison committed? What defense(s) might she assert? What ethical issues are presented by Allison's behavior? How can they be resolved?<br>Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws, and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 2, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

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    **## LAW204Assignment2instructions.docx**

    Assignment 2: Evaluate ADR and White-Collar Crime

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    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | This week, you will closely examine recent cases involving ADR and white-collar crimes. For this week’s assignment, select one of the topics below and research a recent case or article (within the last 5 years) about your chosen topic, then answer the questions below. <br>**Topics (choose ONE):**<br>Research a case or article where: <br>1. An ADR method (eg negotiation, meditation, arbitration, etc) was used<br>2. A white-collar crime had been committed <br>**Answer these questions:**<br>1. Provide details about the case you researched (Who were the parties? What was the situation?). <br>2. Why was an ADR method used and what are the benefits? <br>**_OR_** Why was this classified as a white-collar crime? <br> <br>3. What laws were referenced in this case and what type of law was used? <br>4. What was the end result? Do you agree or disagree with the outcome, if applicable, and why? <br>You should only choose ONE of the topics for your paper. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced,  not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

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    **## LAW204Assignment4INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 4: Analyze Equal Opportunity in Employment

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    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Following a decline in cigarette sales, L & M, Inc., hired J. Gfeller as vice president of sales and charged him to turn around the sales decline. After receiving an analysis of the ages of sales personnel and first-line management, Gfeller and his assistant, T. McMorrow, instituted an intensive program of personnel changes that led to the termination of many older managers and sales representatives. A top manager who sought to justify keeping an older manager was informed that he was “not getting the message.” Gfeller and McMorrow emphasized that they wanted young and aggressive people and that the older people were not able to conform or adapt to new procedures. R. E. Moran, who had been rated a first-rate division manager, was terminated and replaced by a 27-year-old employee. Gfeller and McMorrow made statements about employees with many years’ experience: “It was not 20 years’ experience, but rather 1 year’s experience 20 times.” The EEOC brought suit on behalf of the terminated managers and sales representatives. The company vigorously denied any discriminatory attitude with regard to age [<br>_EEOC v. Liggett and Meyers_, <br>_Inc._, 29 F.E.P. 1611 (E.D.N.C.)].<br> <br>Discuss how you would decide this case and the reasons for your decision. Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 3, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

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    **## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 1: Analyze Different Types of Laws and Illustrate the Steps of a Lawsuit

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Background**<br>Throughout the week, you began to learn about the different types of laws and delved into the steps of a lawsuit. You will apply these learnings within three parts of this week’s assignment. In part one, you will be asked to compare the differences between two types of law, while in part two, you will classify laws as either substantive or procedural. In the third part of this assignment, you will examine a real-world case study and the steps in a lawsuit. <br>**Instructions**<br>Answer the following questions:<br>1. Explain the difference between common law and statutory law.<br>2. Associate the following laws with either substantive or procedural law and provide an explanation of how you came to this decision:<br>b. A law that requires public schools to hold a hearing before a student is expelled.<br>b. A law that establishes a maximum interest rate for credit transactions at 24%.<br>b. A law that provides employee leave for the birth or adoption of a child for up to 12 weeks.<br>b. A law that requires the county assessor to send four notices of taxes due and owing before a lien can be filed (attached) to the property.<br>3. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) charges the National Marine Fisheries Service (a federal agency) with the duty to “ensure” that any proposed action by the council does not “jeopardize” any threatened or endangered species. The Steller sea lion is on the list of endangered species. The agency developed a North Pacific marine fishery plan that permitted a significant harvest of fish by commercial fisheries in the area. Greenpeace, an environmental group, challenged the agency on the grounds that the plan was not based on a sufficient number of biological studies on the impact of the allowed fishing on the Steller sea lion. Greenpeace’s biologic opinion concluded that the fishery plan would reduce the level of food for the sea lions by about 40% to 60% if the juvenile fish were not counted in that figure. Greenpeace’s expert maintained that counting juvenile fish was misleading because they were not capable of reproducing and the government agency’s figure was, as a result, much lower at 22% [<br>_Greenpeace, American Oceans Campaign v. National Marine Fisheries Service_, 237 F. Supp. 2d 1181 (W.D. Wash.)]. What would Greenpeace need to show to be successful in challenging the agency’s fishery plan? What would be their next step(s)? Provide a rationale or explain how you came to this determination.<br> <br>Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

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    **## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 1: Analyze Different Types of Laws and Illustrate the Steps of a Lawsuit

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Background**<br>Throughout the week, you began to learn about the different types of laws and delved into the steps of a lawsuit. You will apply these learnings within three parts of this week’s assignment. In part one, you will be asked to compare the differences between two types of law, while in part two, you will classify laws as either substantive or procedural. In the third part of this assignment, you will examine a real-world case study and the steps in a lawsuit. <br>**Instructions**<br>Answer the following questions:<br>1. Explain the difference between common law and statutory law.<br>2. Associate the following laws with either substantive or procedural law and provide an explanation of how you came to this decision:<br>b. A law that requires public schools to hold a hearing before a student is expelled.<br>b. A law that establishes a maximum interest rate for credit transactions at 24%.<br>b. A law that provides employee leave for the birth or adoption of a child for up to 12 weeks.<br>b. A law that requires the county assessor to send four notices of taxes due and owing before a lien can be filed (attached) to the property.<br>3. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) charges the National Marine Fisheries Service (a federal agency) with the duty to “ensure” that any proposed action by the council does not “jeopardize” any threatened or endangered species. The Steller sea lion is on the list of endangered species. The agency developed a North Pacific marine fishery plan that permitted a significant harvest of fish by commercial fisheries in the area. Greenpeace, an environmental group, challenged the agency on the grounds that the plan was not based on a sufficient number of biological studies on the impact of the allowed fishing on the Steller sea lion. Greenpeace’s biologic opinion concluded that the fishery plan would reduce the level of food for the sea lions by about 40% to 60% if the juvenile fish were not counted in that figure. Greenpeace’s expert maintained that counting juvenile fish was misleading because they were not capable of reproducing and the government agency’s figure was, as a result, much lower at 22% [<br>_Greenpeace, American Oceans Campaign v. National Marine Fisheries Service_, 237 F. Supp. 2d 1181 (W.D. Wash.)]. What would Greenpeace need to show to be successful in challenging the agency’s fishery plan? What would be their next step(s)? Provide a rationale or explain how you came to this determination.<br> <br>Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx**

    **Required Course Textbook(s)**

    · Anderson's Business Law and Legal Environment: Comprehensive Edition, 24th Edition

    **By:** Twomey, David P.

    **ISBN:** 978-0-357-36374-4

    **## LAW204Assignment5INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 5: Distinguish the different types of business entities

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>In this assignment, articulate the advantages and disadvantages of partnerships, LPs, LLCs, and LLPs. Please be sure to include in your discussion the characteristics of each type of business entity and what makes them unique. <br>Thoroughly explain your answer, and be sure to focus on the assigned reading for this week when answering the questions. <br>For Assignment 4, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment3INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 3: Analyze Torts and Liability

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Allison operates a pizza establishment and has run into difficult economic times. Just when Allison feels that her business is finally going well, a new pizza place opens nearby. Allison cannot stand the thought of again facing bankruptcy for a business that she has worked so hard to start. Allison contacts the suppliers of the new pizza place and tries to convince them not to deal with the new place. The creditworthiness of the new restaurant is lied about, and the moral character of the owner is called into question. What torts has Allison committed? What defense(s) might she assert? What ethical issues are presented by Allison's behavior? How can they be resolved?<br>Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws, and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 2, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment2instructions.docx**

    Assignment 2: Evaluate ADR and White-Collar Crime

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | This week, you will closely examine recent cases involving ADR and white-collar crimes. For this week’s assignment, select one of the topics below and research a recent case or article (within the last 5 years) about your chosen topic, then answer the questions below. <br>**Topics (choose ONE):**<br>Research a case or article where: <br>1. An ADR method (eg negotiation, meditation, arbitration, etc) was used<br>2. A white-collar crime had been committed <br>**Answer these questions:**<br>1. Provide details about the case you researched (Who were the parties? What was the situation?). <br>2. Why was an ADR method used and what are the benefits? <br>**_OR_** Why was this classified as a white-collar crime? <br> <br>3. What laws were referenced in this case and what type of law was used? <br>4. What was the end result? Do you agree or disagree with the outcome, if applicable, and why? <br>You should only choose ONE of the topics for your paper. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced,  not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment4INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 4: Analyze Equal Opportunity in Employment

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Following a decline in cigarette sales, L & M, Inc., hired J. Gfeller as vice president of sales and charged him to turn around the sales decline. After receiving an analysis of the ages of sales personnel and first-line management, Gfeller and his assistant, T. McMorrow, instituted an intensive program of personnel changes that led to the termination of many older managers and sales representatives. A top manager who sought to justify keeping an older manager was informed that he was “not getting the message.” Gfeller and McMorrow emphasized that they wanted young and aggressive people and that the older people were not able to conform or adapt to new procedures. R. E. Moran, who had been rated a first-rate division manager, was terminated and replaced by a 27-year-old employee. Gfeller and McMorrow made statements about employees with many years’ experience: “It was not 20 years’ experience, but rather 1 year’s experience 20 times.” The EEOC brought suit on behalf of the terminated managers and sales representatives. The company vigorously denied any discriminatory attitude with regard to age [<br>_EEOC v. Liggett and Meyers_, <br>_Inc._, 29 F.E.P. 1611 (E.D.N.C.)].<br> <br>Discuss how you would decide this case and the reasons for your decision. Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 3, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 1: Analyze Different Types of Laws and Illustrate the Steps of a Lawsuit

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Background**<br>Throughout the week, you began to learn about the different types of laws and delved into the steps of a lawsuit. You will apply these learnings within three parts of this week’s assignment. In part one, you will be asked to compare the differences between two types of law, while in part two, you will classify laws as either substantive or procedural. In the third part of this assignment, you will examine a real-world case study and the steps in a lawsuit. <br>**Instructions**<br>Answer the following questions:<br>1. Explain the difference between common law and statutory law.<br>2. Associate the following laws with either substantive or procedural law and provide an explanation of how you came to this decision:<br>b. A law that requires public schools to hold a hearing before a student is expelled.<br>b. A law that establishes a maximum interest rate for credit transactions at 24%.<br>b. A law that provides employee leave for the birth or adoption of a child for up to 12 weeks.<br>b. A law that requires the county assessor to send four notices of taxes due and owing before a lien can be filed (attached) to the property.<br>3. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) charges the National Marine Fisheries Service (a federal agency) with the duty to “ensure” that any proposed action by the council does not “jeopardize” any threatened or endangered species. The Steller sea lion is on the list of endangered species. The agency developed a North Pacific marine fishery plan that permitted a significant harvest of fish by commercial fisheries in the area. Greenpeace, an environmental group, challenged the agency on the grounds that the plan was not based on a sufficient number of biological studies on the impact of the allowed fishing on the Steller sea lion. Greenpeace’s biologic opinion concluded that the fishery plan would reduce the level of food for the sea lions by about 40% to 60% if the juvenile fish were not counted in that figure. Greenpeace’s expert maintained that counting juvenile fish was misleading because they were not capable of reproducing and the government agency’s figure was, as a result, much lower at 22% [<br>_Greenpeace, American Oceans Campaign v. National Marine Fisheries Service_, 237 F. Supp. 2d 1181 (W.D. Wash.)]. What would Greenpeace need to show to be successful in challenging the agency’s fishery plan? What would be their next step(s)? Provide a rationale or explain how you came to this determination.<br> <br>Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204TEXTBOOK.docx**

    **Required Course Textbook(s)**

    · Anderson's Business Law and Legal Environment: Comprehensive Edition, 24th Edition

    **By:** Twomey, David P.

    **ISBN:** 978-0-357-36374-4

    **## LAW204Assignment5INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 5: Distinguish the different types of business entities

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>In this assignment, articulate the advantages and disadvantages of partnerships, LPs, LLCs, and LLPs. Please be sure to include in your discussion the characteristics of each type of business entity and what makes them unique. <br>Thoroughly explain your answer, and be sure to focus on the assigned reading for this week when answering the questions. <br>For Assignment 4, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment3INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 3: Analyze Torts and Liability

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Allison operates a pizza establishment and has run into difficult economic times. Just when Allison feels that her business is finally going well, a new pizza place opens nearby. Allison cannot stand the thought of again facing bankruptcy for a business that she has worked so hard to start. Allison contacts the suppliers of the new pizza place and tries to convince them not to deal with the new place. The creditworthiness of the new restaurant is lied about, and the moral character of the owner is called into question. What torts has Allison committed? What defense(s) might she assert? What ethical issues are presented by Allison's behavior? How can they be resolved?<br>Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws, and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 2, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment2instructions.docx**

    Assignment 2: Evaluate ADR and White-Collar Crime

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | This week, you will closely examine recent cases involving ADR and white-collar crimes. For this week’s assignment, select one of the topics below and research a recent case or article (within the last 5 years) about your chosen topic, then answer the questions below. <br>**Topics (choose ONE):**<br>Research a case or article where: <br>1. An ADR method (eg negotiation, meditation, arbitration, etc) was used<br>2. A white-collar crime had been committed <br>**Answer these questions:**<br>1. Provide details about the case you researched (Who were the parties? What was the situation?). <br>2. Why was an ADR method used and what are the benefits? <br>**_OR_** Why was this classified as a white-collar crime? <br> <br>3. What laws were referenced in this case and what type of law was used? <br>4. What was the end result? Do you agree or disagree with the outcome, if applicable, and why? <br>You should only choose ONE of the topics for your paper. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced,  not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment4INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 4: Analyze Equal Opportunity in Employment

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Instructions**<br>Following a decline in cigarette sales, L & M, Inc., hired J. Gfeller as vice president of sales and charged him to turn around the sales decline. After receiving an analysis of the ages of sales personnel and first-line management, Gfeller and his assistant, T. McMorrow, instituted an intensive program of personnel changes that led to the termination of many older managers and sales representatives. A top manager who sought to justify keeping an older manager was informed that he was “not getting the message.” Gfeller and McMorrow emphasized that they wanted young and aggressive people and that the older people were not able to conform or adapt to new procedures. R. E. Moran, who had been rated a first-rate division manager, was terminated and replaced by a 27-year-old employee. Gfeller and McMorrow made statements about employees with many years’ experience: “It was not 20 years’ experience, but rather 1 year’s experience 20 times.” The EEOC brought suit on behalf of the terminated managers and sales representatives. The company vigorously denied any discriminatory attitude with regard to age [<br>_EEOC v. Liggett and Meyers_, <br>_Inc._, 29 F.E.P. 1611 (E.D.N.C.)].<br> <br>Discuss how you would decide this case and the reasons for your decision. Thoroughly explain your answer. Fully describe the applicable laws and then apply them to the material facts. Explain your analysis. If you make assumptions of fact, fully explain them. Remember to address <br>**every** _reasonable_ legal issue fully.<br> <br>For Assignment 3, <br>**a simple essay format is acceptable**. Write at a university level, being thorough and scholarly at all times. Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

    Bottom of Form

    **## LAW204Assignment1INSTRUCTIONS.docx**

    Assignment 1: Analyze Different Types of Laws and Illustrate the Steps of a Lawsuit

    Top of Form

    | | |
    | — | — |
    | Hide Assignment Information |
    | Instructions | |
    | **Background**<br>Throughout the week, you began to learn about the different types of laws and delved into the steps of a lawsuit. You will apply these learnings within three parts of this week’s assignment. In part one, you will be asked to compare the differences between two types of law, while in part two, you will classify laws as either substantive or procedural. In the third part of this assignment, you will examine a real-world case study and the steps in a lawsuit. <br>**Instructions**<br>Answer the following questions:<br>1. Explain the difference between common law and statutory law.<br>2. Associate the following laws with either substantive or procedural law and provide an explanation of how you came to this decision:<br>b. A law that requires public schools to hold a hearing before a student is expelled.<br>b. A law that establishes a maximum interest rate for credit transactions at 24%.<br>b. A law that provides employee leave for the birth or adoption of a child for up to 12 weeks.<br>b. A law that requires the county assessor to send four notices of taxes due and owing before a lien can be filed (attached) to the property.<br>3. The Endangered Species Act (ESA) charges the National Marine Fisheries Service (a federal agency) with the duty to “ensure” that any proposed action by the council does not “jeopardize” any threatened or endangered species. The Steller sea lion is on the list of endangered species. The agency developed a North Pacific marine fishery plan that permitted a significant harvest of fish by commercial fisheries in the area. Greenpeace, an environmental group, challenged the agency on the grounds that the plan was not based on a sufficient number of biological studies on the impact of the allowed fishing on the Steller sea lion. Greenpeace’s biologic opinion concluded that the fishery plan would reduce the level of food for the sea lions by about 40% to 60% if the juvenile fish were not counted in that figure. Greenpeace’s expert maintained that counting juvenile fish was misleading because they were not capable of reproducing and the government agency’s figure was, as a result, much lower at 22% [<br>_Greenpeace, American Oceans Campaign v. National Marine Fisheries Service_, 237 F. Supp. 2d 1181 (W.D. Wash.)]. What would Greenpeace need to show to be successful in challenging the agency’s fishery plan? What would be their next step(s)? Provide a rationale or explain how you came to this determination.<br> <br>Your paper should be a minimum of 2 pages, double-spaced, not including the reference page, and contain APA citations. |

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  • [Solved] Catherine Owens- Promo Pro

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    As I get closer to finishing my MSN-FNP program at South University, I’ve started looking into job opportunities in primary care and urgent care settings. My goal is to work in a family practice where I can care for patients across the lifespan and really focus on prevention and chronic disease mana…

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    As I get closer to finishing my MSN-FNP program at South University, I’ve started looking into job opportunities in primary care and urgent care settings. My goal is to work in a family practice where I can care for patients across the lifespan and really focus on prevention and chronic disease management. Right now, my job is not dependent on certification, but I have built strong connections during my clinical rotations that could potentially lead to a position once I pass boards.

    If I don’t secure a job right away, I plan to apply to several local organizations including AdventHealth Medical Group, Orlando Health Physician Associates, and Community Health Centers. I like that these organizations serve a wide range of patients and emphasize evidence-based care, which is really important to me as a future provider.

    There is a strong and growing need for nurse practitioners, especially in primary care. Research shows that nurse practitioners provide care that is comparable to physicians, even for patients with multiple chronic conditions, while also improving access to care (McMenamin et al. 2023.) This is something I’ve seen firsthand during my clinicals, and it’s one of the reasons I feel confident stepping into this role. Overall, I feel prepared for this next step and am excited to transition into practice after certification.

    McMenamin, A., Turi, E., Schlak, A., & Poghosyan, L. 2023. A systematic review of outcomes related to nurse practitioner-delivered primary care for multiple chronic conditions. _Medical Care Research and Review, 80_, 563–581. [https://doi.org/10.1177/10775587231186720](https://doi.org/10.1177/10775587231186720)

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    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320UnitIIIAssignment.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit III Assignment

    This four-page assignment measures your mastery of ULOs 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2.

    In Unit II you selected a firm with global operations and discussed the key points from its global strategy and your perceptions of the firm. (SEE ATTACHED)

    For this assignment you will follow the strategic management process by performing an environmental scan (analysis) of the firm selected in Unit II. Address the following prompts within your assignment:

    1. Perform an external environmental analysis of the firm:

    a. Macro-level PESTEL analysis

    b. Industry environment: Porter’s five forces

    c. Competitive environment

    d. Strategic group analysis

    2. Perform an internal analysis of the firm using the resource-based view:

    a. What are the firm’s resources, capabilities, and competencies?

    b. Does the firm possess valuable, rare, costly to imitate resources, and is it organized to capture value from

    c. those resources: VRIO analysis?

    d. What role do leaders play in driving innovation?

    3. Analyze the firm's current business-level and corporate-level strategies:

    a. Business-level strategy: product market positioning

    b. International strategy: geographic scope and mode of entry

    c. How are these strategies being implemented? Examine how the firm incorporates sustainability into its

    d. planning.

    e. How does innovation drive strategy and contribute to competitive advantage?

    4. Analyze the firm’s performance:

    a. Use both financial and market-based measures.

    b. How does the firm compare to its competitors as well as the industry average?

    c. What trends are evident over the past 3 to 5 years?

    d. Consider the perspectives of multiple stakeholders” internal and external.

    e. How does the firm possess a competitive advantage? How can it be sustained?

    Be sure to i
    nclude an introduction and a conclusion. Your assignment should be at least four pages. Use at least six sources to support your assignment; the course text must be used as a source for this assignment. Use APA Style to format this assignment and all references and citations.

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

    1. Compare and contrast evolving global strategic business models.
    1.1 Describe strategic planning models.
    1.2 Describe competitive advantage.
    1.3 Differentiate between analysis, formulation, and implementation of strategies using the

    analysis, formulation, implementation (AFI) framework.

    2. Analyze the processes for formulating sustainable corporate business strategies.
    2.1 Summarize the evolving importance of sustainability in strategic planning processes.
    2.2 Examine key models that organizations use to overcome challenges .
    2.3 Examine how sustainable competitive advantage drives corporate business strategies.

    3. Summarize the role of innovation in strategic business planning.

    3.1 Examine how innovation can assist firms in driving competitive advantage.
    3.2 Analyze the role of leadership in driving innovation.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 5: Shared Value and Competitive Advantage (ULOs 2.3 and 3.1)
    This chapter examines competitive advantage and stakeholder capitalism.

    Chapter 6: Business Strategy: Differentiation, Cost Leadership, and Blue Oceans (ULO 3.2)
    This chapter examines differentiation strategy and cost drivers.

    Unit Lesson

    Lesson: Analyzing the Firm and Its Environment (ULOs 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2)

    In Unit II, the concept of the Global Reporting Initiative may have been introduced in the live lecture as
    framework firms are increasingly adopting to use sustainability to build competitive advantage.

    This unit focuses on the importance of developing and maintaining competitive advantage as well as the
    importance of a strategy that differentiates the firm—including sustainability—from the competition.

    Chapter 5 Case for Review: Patagonia

    As we begin this unit, read the Chapter 5 case Patagonia: A Pioneer in Creating Shared Value as it highlights
    the importance of shared values in a firm. Consider the following questions as you read the case: Why do you
    see the concept of shared values important in business? How has Patagonia built a firm that is known for its
    focus on sustainability and the environment?

    As a private firm, Patagonia has pursued a stakeholder strategy that is noted for its focus on the
    environmental, social, and governance (ESG) elements. Rothaermel (2024) defines ESG as “a set of
    standards beyond mere financial results on which companies are evaluated” (p. 171).

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Developing Competitive Advantage

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Market Conditions

    Market conditions in a business environment can influence an organization’s strategy to a great extent. For
    example, a highly competitive market can force organizations to launch a new product or service every
    quarter or at least once every year. This strategy allows them to go head-to-head with competitors and attract
    new customers. However, if these organizations do not perform thorough research before launching their
    products or services, they may incur significant losses. In some cases, these organizations may be forced out
    of the market because of poor performance. It is vital for organizations to study the market where they are
    competing and correctly identify their competition.

    As presented in Unit II, performing a proper analysis of a company’s internal and external environments helps
    in the identification of strengths and weaknesses. Based on this analysis, organizations must create a
    competitive strategy. This strategy will enable them to outmatch the products or services of the competitors in
    the market. It will also allow them to stay ahead of rival organizations for a longer period. Such analysis and
    development of subsequent strategies give companies a competitive advantage over their rivals in the
    market.

    Competitive Advantage

    Rothaermel (2024) notes that “the goal of a strategy is to gain and sustain a competitive advantage” (p.181).
    In Exhibit 5.2: From Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to Creating Shared Value, changes are noted in
    the perspectives of many firms as they evolved in the past few decades from CSR to creating shared value
    (CSV). It is important to recognize that a firm has economic advantage when it creates more value than its
    competitors. Economic value is the difference between value (V) and costs (C) or (V – C) (Rothaermel, 2024).
    How do you see the CSV framework improving the competitive advantage of a firm?

    Balanced Scorecard

    The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a management tool. Essentially, the BSC is a series of strategic measures
    and traditional financial measures that are used to get a holistic view of how an organization is performing
    (Balanced Scorecard Institute, n.d.). Historically, the measure of business performance was related to profit.
    The BSC is a more holistic approach that suggests that four areas or perspectives provides a more
    appropriate picture of a firm. These four perspectives are (1) learning and growth, (2) business processes, (3)
    customer perspectives, and (4) financial data. Often, the BSC is used in firms as a framework to drive
    continuous improvement and a key part of improvement efforts often includes using key performance
    indicators (KPIs). These KPIs can form a dashboard of performance metrics to include the most important
    measures as identified by the organization. These KPIs include specific, measurable goals that may cascade
    from high-level corporate goals to business unit goals to individual performance plans.

    Triple Bottom Line

    Another important framework related to understanding the competitive advantage concept is the triple bottom
    line. This includes the dimensions of profits, people, and planet. Rothaermel (2024) notes that a focus on the
    3 Ps “can lead to a sustainable strategy” (p. 197). As firms are developing their strategies, they are looking for
    ways to differentiate themselves from the competition.

    Business-Level Strategies

    Strategic leaders must recognize that competitive advantage is reflected in superior firm performance. Review
    the Exhibit 5.11: How to Measure and Assess Competitive Advantage in your textbook.

    Having a business level strategy can assist in building competitive advantage. According to Rothaermel
    (2024), the business level strategy asks the following questions:

    • “Who are the customer segments we will serve?
    • What customer needs, wishes, and desires will we satisfy?
    • Why do we want to satisfy them?
    • How will we satisfy them?” (p. 211)

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 3

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Chapter 6 illustrates four generic business strategies in Exhibit 6.2: Strategic Position and Competitive Scope
    Generic Business Strategies. They include cost leadership, differentiation, focused cost leadership, and
    focused differentiation.

    One concept introduced that reflects adding value to the operations of a firm is related to the learning curve.
    Rothaermel (2024) notes that the learning curve can be described as “learning by doing drives down cost”
    (p. 223).

    Blue Ocean Strategy

    The blue ocean strategy is the simultaneous pursuit of differentiation and low cost to open a new market
    space and create new demand. It is about creating and capturing uncontested market space, thereby making
    the competition irrelevant.

    PwC Survey

    PwC is a global consulting firm that annually surveys corporate CEOs. In 2023, a key finding of the PwC
    survey is the need for firms to adapt to changing circumstances. The PwC (2023) survey suggests that fully
    40% of respondents do not see their firms as economically viable in 10 years unless there is substantial
    change in their organizations. This finding supports the importance of strategic management.

    Summary

    In summary, one aspect of developing a strategic plan is to look at the competition with a view to building a
    comparative, competitive advantage. Increasingly, firms are seeing value and importance of advancing
    sustainability as a factor that must be included in the strategic planning processes of a firm. In that regard, it
    may be valuable to consider business level strategies to focus organizational efforts on developing
    competitive advantage. Tools such as the BSC can assist by providing a measurement-based focus on
    critical areas of the firm. Using BSC measures can assist in guiding the competitive advantage components
    of the firm.

    References

    Balanced Scorecard Institute. (n.d.). Balanced scorecard basics. https://balancedscorecard.org/bsc-basics-

    overview/

    PwC. (2023). PwC’s 26th annual global CEO survey: Winning today’s race while running tomorrow’s.

    https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/c-suite-insights/ceo-survey-2023.html

    Rawpixel. (n.d.). Character illustration of people with global network concept [Image]. Freepik.

    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/character-illustration-people-with-global-network-
    concept_3585190.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=2&from_view=
    search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    Rothaermel, F. T. (2024). Strategic management (6th ed.). McGraw Hill.

    https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781265954574

    Vector4stock. (n.d.). Business process illustration infographic of business structure from idea to successful

    business [Image]. Freepik.
    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/business-process-illustration-infographic-business-structure-from-
    idea-successful-business-
    project_26195295.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=34&from_view
    =search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 4

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid you in your course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Activity: Case Study (Optional)
    To understand the importance of differentiating a firm from the competition, read the Chapter Case 6 Part I,
    the case of JetBlue Airways: En Route to the New Blue Ocean? As the case identifies, JetBlue Airways used
    a high touch and high-tech approach that was designed to differentiate itself from other airlines. Note your
    thoughts about this case in a personal journal.

    Activity: Strategy Highlight (Optional)
    Read the Chapter 6 Strategy Highlight 6.2: How JCPenney Sailed into a Red Ocean. In a personal journal,
    note your thoughts on why and how this initiative failed.

    **UnitIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unitiistudyguide-pdf-10525067)

    **Unit1StudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unit1studyguide-pdf-10525071)

    **Unit1StudyGuide.pdf**

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    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320UnitIIIAssignment.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit III Assignment

    This four-page assignment measures your mastery of ULOs 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2.

    In Unit II you selected a firm with global operations and discussed the key points from its global strategy and your perceptions of the firm. (SEE ATTACHED)

    For this assignment you will follow the strategic management process by performing an environmental scan (analysis) of the firm selected in Unit II. Address the following prompts within your assignment:

    1. Perform an external environmental analysis of the firm:

    a. Macro-level PESTEL analysis

    b. Industry environment: Porter’s five forces

    c. Competitive environment

    d. Strategic group analysis

    2. Perform an internal analysis of the firm using the resource-based view:

    a. What are the firm’s resources, capabilities, and competencies?

    b. Does the firm possess valuable, rare, costly to imitate resources, and is it organized to capture value from

    c. those resources: VRIO analysis?

    d. What role do leaders play in driving innovation?

    3. Analyze the firm's current business-level and corporate-level strategies:

    a. Business-level strategy: product market positioning

    b. International strategy: geographic scope and mode of entry

    c. How are these strategies being implemented? Examine how the firm incorporates sustainability into its

    d. planning.

    e. How does innovation drive strategy and contribute to competitive advantage?

    4. Analyze the firm’s performance:

    a. Use both financial and market-based measures.

    b. How does the firm compare to its competitors as well as the industry average?

    c. What trends are evident over the past 3 to 5 years?

    d. Consider the perspectives of multiple stakeholders” internal and external.

    e. How does the firm possess a competitive advantage? How can it be sustained?

    Be sure to i
    nclude an introduction and a conclusion. Your assignment should be at least four pages. Use at least six sources to support your assignment; the course text must be used as a source for this assignment. Use APA Style to format this assignment and all references and citations.

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

    1. Compare and contrast evolving global strategic business models.
    1.1 Describe strategic planning models.
    1.2 Describe competitive advantage.
    1.3 Differentiate between analysis, formulation, and implementation of strategies using the

    analysis, formulation, implementation (AFI) framework.

    2. Analyze the processes for formulating sustainable corporate business strategies.
    2.1 Summarize the evolving importance of sustainability in strategic planning processes.
    2.2 Examine key models that organizations use to overcome challenges .
    2.3 Examine how sustainable competitive advantage drives corporate business strategies.

    3. Summarize the role of innovation in strategic business planning.

    3.1 Examine how innovation can assist firms in driving competitive advantage.
    3.2 Analyze the role of leadership in driving innovation.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 5: Shared Value and Competitive Advantage (ULOs 2.3 and 3.1)
    This chapter examines competitive advantage and stakeholder capitalism.

    Chapter 6: Business Strategy: Differentiation, Cost Leadership, and Blue Oceans (ULO 3.2)
    This chapter examines differentiation strategy and cost drivers.

    Unit Lesson

    Lesson: Analyzing the Firm and Its Environment (ULOs 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2)

    In Unit II, the concept of the Global Reporting Initiative may have been introduced in the live lecture as
    framework firms are increasingly adopting to use sustainability to build competitive advantage.

    This unit focuses on the importance of developing and maintaining competitive advantage as well as the
    importance of a strategy that differentiates the firm—including sustainability—from the competition.

    Chapter 5 Case for Review: Patagonia

    As we begin this unit, read the Chapter 5 case Patagonia: A Pioneer in Creating Shared Value as it highlights
    the importance of shared values in a firm. Consider the following questions as you read the case: Why do you
    see the concept of shared values important in business? How has Patagonia built a firm that is known for its
    focus on sustainability and the environment?

    As a private firm, Patagonia has pursued a stakeholder strategy that is noted for its focus on the
    environmental, social, and governance (ESG) elements. Rothaermel (2024) defines ESG as “a set of
    standards beyond mere financial results on which companies are evaluated” (p. 171).

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Developing Competitive Advantage

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Market Conditions

    Market conditions in a business environment can influence an organization’s strategy to a great extent. For
    example, a highly competitive market can force organizations to launch a new product or service every
    quarter or at least once every year. This strategy allows them to go head-to-head with competitors and attract
    new customers. However, if these organizations do not perform thorough research before launching their
    products or services, they may incur significant losses. In some cases, these organizations may be forced out
    of the market because of poor performance. It is vital for organizations to study the market where they are
    competing and correctly identify their competition.

    As presented in Unit II, performing a proper analysis of a company’s internal and external environments helps
    in the identification of strengths and weaknesses. Based on this analysis, organizations must create a
    competitive strategy. This strategy will enable them to outmatch the products or services of the competitors in
    the market. It will also allow them to stay ahead of rival organizations for a longer period. Such analysis and
    development of subsequent strategies give companies a competitive advantage over their rivals in the
    market.

    Competitive Advantage

    Rothaermel (2024) notes that “the goal of a strategy is to gain and sustain a competitive advantage” (p.181).
    In Exhibit 5.2: From Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to Creating Shared Value, changes are noted in
    the perspectives of many firms as they evolved in the past few decades from CSR to creating shared value
    (CSV). It is important to recognize that a firm has economic advantage when it creates more value than its
    competitors. Economic value is the difference between value (V) and costs (C) or (V – C) (Rothaermel, 2024).
    How do you see the CSV framework improving the competitive advantage of a firm?

    Balanced Scorecard

    The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a management tool. Essentially, the BSC is a series of strategic measures
    and traditional financial measures that are used to get a holistic view of how an organization is performing
    (Balanced Scorecard Institute, n.d.). Historically, the measure of business performance was related to profit.
    The BSC is a more holistic approach that suggests that four areas or perspectives provides a more
    appropriate picture of a firm. These four perspectives are (1) learning and growth, (2) business processes, (3)
    customer perspectives, and (4) financial data. Often, the BSC is used in firms as a framework to drive
    continuous improvement and a key part of improvement efforts often includes using key performance
    indicators (KPIs). These KPIs can form a dashboard of performance metrics to include the most important
    measures as identified by the organization. These KPIs include specific, measurable goals that may cascade
    from high-level corporate goals to business unit goals to individual performance plans.

    Triple Bottom Line

    Another important framework related to understanding the competitive advantage concept is the triple bottom
    line. This includes the dimensions of profits, people, and planet. Rothaermel (2024) notes that a focus on the
    3 Ps “can lead to a sustainable strategy” (p. 197). As firms are developing their strategies, they are looking for
    ways to differentiate themselves from the competition.

    Business-Level Strategies

    Strategic leaders must recognize that competitive advantage is reflected in superior firm performance. Review
    the Exhibit 5.11: How to Measure and Assess Competitive Advantage in your textbook.

    Having a business level strategy can assist in building competitive advantage. According to Rothaermel
    (2024), the business level strategy asks the following questions:

    • “Who are the customer segments we will serve?
    • What customer needs, wishes, and desires will we satisfy?
    • Why do we want to satisfy them?
    • How will we satisfy them?” (p. 211)

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 3

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Chapter 6 illustrates four generic business strategies in Exhibit 6.2: Strategic Position and Competitive Scope
    Generic Business Strategies. They include cost leadership, differentiation, focused cost leadership, and
    focused differentiation.

    One concept introduced that reflects adding value to the operations of a firm is related to the learning curve.
    Rothaermel (2024) notes that the learning curve can be described as “learning by doing drives down cost”
    (p. 223).

    Blue Ocean Strategy

    The blue ocean strategy is the simultaneous pursuit of differentiation and low cost to open a new market
    space and create new demand. It is about creating and capturing uncontested market space, thereby making
    the competition irrelevant.

    PwC Survey

    PwC is a global consulting firm that annually surveys corporate CEOs. In 2023, a key finding of the PwC
    survey is the need for firms to adapt to changing circumstances. The PwC (2023) survey suggests that fully
    40% of respondents do not see their firms as economically viable in 10 years unless there is substantial
    change in their organizations. This finding supports the importance of strategic management.

    Summary

    In summary, one aspect of developing a strategic plan is to look at the competition with a view to building a
    comparative, competitive advantage. Increasingly, firms are seeing value and importance of advancing
    sustainability as a factor that must be included in the strategic planning processes of a firm. In that regard, it
    may be valuable to consider business level strategies to focus organizational efforts on developing
    competitive advantage. Tools such as the BSC can assist by providing a measurement-based focus on
    critical areas of the firm. Using BSC measures can assist in guiding the competitive advantage components
    of the firm.

    References

    Balanced Scorecard Institute. (n.d.). Balanced scorecard basics. https://balancedscorecard.org/bsc-basics-

    overview/

    PwC. (2023). PwC’s 26th annual global CEO survey: Winning today’s race while running tomorrow’s.

    https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/c-suite-insights/ceo-survey-2023.html

    Rawpixel. (n.d.). Character illustration of people with global network concept [Image]. Freepik.

    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/character-illustration-people-with-global-network-
    concept_3585190.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=2&from_view=
    search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    Rothaermel, F. T. (2024). Strategic management (6th ed.). McGraw Hill.

    https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781265954574

    Vector4stock. (n.d.). Business process illustration infographic of business structure from idea to successful

    business [Image]. Freepik.
    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/business-process-illustration-infographic-business-structure-from-
    idea-successful-business-
    project_26195295.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=34&from_view
    =search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 4

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid you in your course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Activity: Case Study (Optional)
    To understand the importance of differentiating a firm from the competition, read the Chapter Case 6 Part I,
    the case of JetBlue Airways: En Route to the New Blue Ocean? As the case identifies, JetBlue Airways used
    a high touch and high-tech approach that was designed to differentiate itself from other airlines. Note your
    thoughts about this case in a personal journal.

    Activity: Strategy Highlight (Optional)
    Read the Chapter 6 Strategy Highlight 6.2: How JCPenney Sailed into a Red Ocean. In a personal journal,
    note your thoughts on why and how this initiative failed.

    **UnitIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unitiistudyguide-pdf-10525067)

    **Unit1StudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unit1studyguide-pdf-10525071)

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320UnitIIIAssignment.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit III Assignment

    This four-page assignment measures your mastery of ULOs 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2.

    In Unit II you selected a firm with global operations and discussed the key points from its global strategy and your perceptions of the firm. (SEE ATTACHED)

    For this assignment you will follow the strategic management process by performing an environmental scan (analysis) of the firm selected in Unit II. Address the following prompts within your assignment:

    1. Perform an external environmental analysis of the firm:

    a. Macro-level PESTEL analysis

    b. Industry environment: Porter’s five forces

    c. Competitive environment

    d. Strategic group analysis

    2. Perform an internal analysis of the firm using the resource-based view:

    a. What are the firm’s resources, capabilities, and competencies?

    b. Does the firm possess valuable, rare, costly to imitate resources, and is it organized to capture value from

    c. those resources: VRIO analysis?

    d. What role do leaders play in driving innovation?

    3. Analyze the firm's current business-level and corporate-level strategies:

    a. Business-level strategy: product market positioning

    b. International strategy: geographic scope and mode of entry

    c. How are these strategies being implemented? Examine how the firm incorporates sustainability into its

    d. planning.

    e. How does innovation drive strategy and contribute to competitive advantage?

    4. Analyze the firm’s performance:

    a. Use both financial and market-based measures.

    b. How does the firm compare to its competitors as well as the industry average?

    c. What trends are evident over the past 3 to 5 years?

    d. Consider the perspectives of multiple stakeholders” internal and external.

    e. How does the firm possess a competitive advantage? How can it be sustained?

    Be sure to i
    nclude an introduction and a conclusion. Your assignment should be at least four pages. Use at least six sources to support your assignment; the course text must be used as a source for this assignment. Use APA Style to format this assignment and all references and citations.

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## GlobalStrategicManagementBUS6320_UnitIIDB.docx**

    2

    Global Strategic Management BUS 6320 Unit II Discussion Board

    Top of Form

    **Global Strategic Management Discussion – Apple Inc.**

    Apple Inc. is a good example of a company with vast international operations because it is a multinational technology company that was established in the year 1976 and is based in Cupertino, California. Apple creates and markets consumer electronics, software, and digital services in over 175 countries with the iPhones, Mac, iPad, Apple Watch, and services like Apple Music and the iCloud being the main flagship products. The international supply chain, international retail stores and the digital distribution platforms have enabled the company to have global presence. Apple has two important features of its international strategy. To begin with, Apple employs a strategy of integrated ecosystem whereby its hardware, software and services are compatible. This will enhance customer loyalty and generate high switching cost that will provide the firm with sustainable competitive advantage in international markets. Second, Apple is a company that is based on the global supply chain optimization whereby the designing of the products is formulated in United States, with the manufacturing of other components and sourcing of the component being mostly based in the Asian region. This approach enables Apple to realize cost efficiency, mass production in a short time and have uniform availability of the products globally.

    The world has become a global village through technology, which offers corporations the opportunity to communicate in real time, have digital supply chains and make decisions based on the data. The use of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data analytics enables corporations such as Apple to predict demand, enhance logistics, customize marketing, and react fast to the evolving conditions within the global context. According to Muslim et al. (2025), the technological change has come to be one of the most determining variables in strategic planning and competitive advantage, and the necessity of constant innovation in the turbulent global settings. Apple has strong brand reputation, customer base, product design at premium and having high profit margins, its ecosystem model matches its strengths, as viewed through SWOT perspective. Premium pricing strategy that makes it expensive and thus inaccessible in some of emerging markets, reliance on iPhone revenue and vulnerability to geopolitical and supply chain risks are however, some of the weaknesses.

    **References**

    Muslim, A. K., Ahmad, N., Raj, V., Zaily, D., Dzulkifli, M., Teknologi, F., Teknousahawanan, D., Teknikal, U., & Melaka, M. (2025). Holistic Organizational Transformation and Dual-Mode Innovation Culture: Explaining Apple’s Strategic Marketing Success and Sustainability. In
    _ICTMT 2025 | International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science_. https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/uploads/vol9-iss28-pg482-491-202512_pdf.pdf

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    At the end of this unit, you should be able to:

    1. Compare and contrast evolving global strategic business models.
    1.1 Describe strategic planning models.
    1.2 Describe competitive advantage.
    1.3 Differentiate between analysis, formulation, and implementation of strategies using the

    analysis, formulation, implementation (AFI) framework.

    2. Analyze the processes for formulating sustainable corporate business strategies.
    2.1 Summarize the evolving importance of sustainability in strategic planning processes.
    2.2 Examine key models that organizations use to overcome challenges .
    2.3 Examine how sustainable competitive advantage drives corporate business strategies.

    3. Summarize the role of innovation in strategic business planning.

    3.1 Examine how innovation can assist firms in driving competitive advantage.
    3.2 Analyze the role of leadership in driving innovation.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 5: Shared Value and Competitive Advantage (ULOs 2.3 and 3.1)
    This chapter examines competitive advantage and stakeholder capitalism.

    Chapter 6: Business Strategy: Differentiation, Cost Leadership, and Blue Oceans (ULO 3.2)
    This chapter examines differentiation strategy and cost drivers.

    Unit Lesson

    Lesson: Analyzing the Firm and Its Environment (ULOs 2.3, 3.1, and 3.2)

    In Unit II, the concept of the Global Reporting Initiative may have been introduced in the live lecture as
    framework firms are increasingly adopting to use sustainability to build competitive advantage.

    This unit focuses on the importance of developing and maintaining competitive advantage as well as the
    importance of a strategy that differentiates the firm—including sustainability—from the competition.

    Chapter 5 Case for Review: Patagonia

    As we begin this unit, read the Chapter 5 case Patagonia: A Pioneer in Creating Shared Value as it highlights
    the importance of shared values in a firm. Consider the following questions as you read the case: Why do you
    see the concept of shared values important in business? How has Patagonia built a firm that is known for its
    focus on sustainability and the environment?

    As a private firm, Patagonia has pursued a stakeholder strategy that is noted for its focus on the
    environmental, social, and governance (ESG) elements. Rothaermel (2024) defines ESG as “a set of
    standards beyond mere financial results on which companies are evaluated” (p. 171).

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Developing Competitive Advantage

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Market Conditions

    Market conditions in a business environment can influence an organization’s strategy to a great extent. For
    example, a highly competitive market can force organizations to launch a new product or service every
    quarter or at least once every year. This strategy allows them to go head-to-head with competitors and attract
    new customers. However, if these organizations do not perform thorough research before launching their
    products or services, they may incur significant losses. In some cases, these organizations may be forced out
    of the market because of poor performance. It is vital for organizations to study the market where they are
    competing and correctly identify their competition.

    As presented in Unit II, performing a proper analysis of a company’s internal and external environments helps
    in the identification of strengths and weaknesses. Based on this analysis, organizations must create a
    competitive strategy. This strategy will enable them to outmatch the products or services of the competitors in
    the market. It will also allow them to stay ahead of rival organizations for a longer period. Such analysis and
    development of subsequent strategies give companies a competitive advantage over their rivals in the
    market.

    Competitive Advantage

    Rothaermel (2024) notes that “the goal of a strategy is to gain and sustain a competitive advantage” (p.181).
    In Exhibit 5.2: From Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) to Creating Shared Value, changes are noted in
    the perspectives of many firms as they evolved in the past few decades from CSR to creating shared value
    (CSV). It is important to recognize that a firm has economic advantage when it creates more value than its
    competitors. Economic value is the difference between value (V) and costs (C) or (V – C) (Rothaermel, 2024).
    How do you see the CSV framework improving the competitive advantage of a firm?

    Balanced Scorecard

    The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a management tool. Essentially, the BSC is a series of strategic measures
    and traditional financial measures that are used to get a holistic view of how an organization is performing
    (Balanced Scorecard Institute, n.d.). Historically, the measure of business performance was related to profit.
    The BSC is a more holistic approach that suggests that four areas or perspectives provides a more
    appropriate picture of a firm. These four perspectives are (1) learning and growth, (2) business processes, (3)
    customer perspectives, and (4) financial data. Often, the BSC is used in firms as a framework to drive
    continuous improvement and a key part of improvement efforts often includes using key performance
    indicators (KPIs). These KPIs can form a dashboard of performance metrics to include the most important
    measures as identified by the organization. These KPIs include specific, measurable goals that may cascade
    from high-level corporate goals to business unit goals to individual performance plans.

    Triple Bottom Line

    Another important framework related to understanding the competitive advantage concept is the triple bottom
    line. This includes the dimensions of profits, people, and planet. Rothaermel (2024) notes that a focus on the
    3 Ps “can lead to a sustainable strategy” (p. 197). As firms are developing their strategies, they are looking for
    ways to differentiate themselves from the competition.

    Business-Level Strategies

    Strategic leaders must recognize that competitive advantage is reflected in superior firm performance. Review
    the Exhibit 5.11: How to Measure and Assess Competitive Advantage in your textbook.

    Having a business level strategy can assist in building competitive advantage. According to Rothaermel
    (2024), the business level strategy asks the following questions:

    • “Who are the customer segments we will serve?
    • What customer needs, wishes, and desires will we satisfy?
    • Why do we want to satisfy them?
    • How will we satisfy them?” (p. 211)

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 3

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Chapter 6 illustrates four generic business strategies in Exhibit 6.2: Strategic Position and Competitive Scope
    Generic Business Strategies. They include cost leadership, differentiation, focused cost leadership, and
    focused differentiation.

    One concept introduced that reflects adding value to the operations of a firm is related to the learning curve.
    Rothaermel (2024) notes that the learning curve can be described as “learning by doing drives down cost”
    (p. 223).

    Blue Ocean Strategy

    The blue ocean strategy is the simultaneous pursuit of differentiation and low cost to open a new market
    space and create new demand. It is about creating and capturing uncontested market space, thereby making
    the competition irrelevant.

    PwC Survey

    PwC is a global consulting firm that annually surveys corporate CEOs. In 2023, a key finding of the PwC
    survey is the need for firms to adapt to changing circumstances. The PwC (2023) survey suggests that fully
    40% of respondents do not see their firms as economically viable in 10 years unless there is substantial
    change in their organizations. This finding supports the importance of strategic management.

    Summary

    In summary, one aspect of developing a strategic plan is to look at the competition with a view to building a
    comparative, competitive advantage. Increasingly, firms are seeing value and importance of advancing
    sustainability as a factor that must be included in the strategic planning processes of a firm. In that regard, it
    may be valuable to consider business level strategies to focus organizational efforts on developing
    competitive advantage. Tools such as the BSC can assist by providing a measurement-based focus on
    critical areas of the firm. Using BSC measures can assist in guiding the competitive advantage components
    of the firm.

    References

    Balanced Scorecard Institute. (n.d.). Balanced scorecard basics. https://balancedscorecard.org/bsc-basics-

    overview/

    PwC. (2023). PwC’s 26th annual global CEO survey: Winning today’s race while running tomorrow’s.

    https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/c-suite-insights/ceo-survey-2023.html

    Rawpixel. (n.d.). Character illustration of people with global network concept [Image]. Freepik.

    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/character-illustration-people-with-global-network-
    concept_3585190.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=2&from_view=
    search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    Rothaermel, F. T. (2024). Strategic management (6th ed.). McGraw Hill.

    https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781265954574

    Vector4stock. (n.d.). Business process illustration infographic of business structure from idea to successful

    business [Image]. Freepik.
    https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/business-process-illustration-infographic-business-structure-from-
    idea-successful-business-
    project_26195295.htm#query=strategy%20global%20business%20planning&position=34&from_view
    =search&track=ais&uuid=eab5dd3f-267d-4ae8-9a3a-5381e987b5ac

    BUS 6320, Global Strategic Management 4

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid you in your course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Activity: Case Study (Optional)
    To understand the importance of differentiating a firm from the competition, read the Chapter Case 6 Part I,
    the case of JetBlue Airways: En Route to the New Blue Ocean? As the case identifies, JetBlue Airways used
    a high touch and high-tech approach that was designed to differentiate itself from other airlines. Note your
    thoughts about this case in a personal journal.

    Activity: Strategy Highlight (Optional)
    Read the Chapter 6 Strategy Highlight 6.2: How JCPenney Sailed into a Red Ocean. In a personal journal,
    note your thoughts on why and how this initiative failed.

    **UnitIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unitiistudyguide-pdf-10525067)

    **Unit1StudyGuide.pdf**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/unit1studyguide-pdf-10525071)

  • [Solved] BLOG: CRITIQUING SOURCES OF ERROR IN POPULATION RESEARCH TO ADDRESS GAPS IN NURSING PRACTICE

    ✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

    Executive Solution Overview

    find attached work materia **files (3)** – ## wk6disc.docx – ## wk6epirubrics.docx – wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html **## wk6disc.docx** As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for im…

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    Assignment Prompt & Instructions

    find attached work materia

    **files (3)**

    – ## wk6disc.docx

    – ## wk6epirubrics.docx

    – wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html

    **## wk6disc.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **## wk6epirubrics.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/wk6discepiebsco-fulltext-03-31-2026-html)

    **wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/wk6discepiebsco-fulltext-03-31-2026-html)

    **## wk6disc.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **## wk6epirubrics.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/wk6discepiebsco-fulltext-03-31-2026-html)

    **## wk6disc.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **## wk6epirubrics.docx**

    As a DNP-educated nurse, part of your role will be to identify the differences, or gaps, between current knowledge and practice and opportunities for improvement leading to an ideal state of practice. Being able to recognize and evaluate sources of error in population research is an important skill that can lead to better implementation of evidence-based practice.

    In order to effectively critique and apply population research to practice, you should be familiar with the following types of error:

    **Selection Bias**

    Selection bias in epidemiological studies occurs when study participants do not accurately represent the population for whom results will be generalized, and this results in a measure of association that is distorted (i.e., not close to the truth). For example, if persons responding to a survey tend to be different (e.g., younger) than those who do not respond, then the study sample is not representative of the general population, and study results may be misleading if generalized.

    **Information Bias**

    Information bias results from errors made in the collection of information obtained in a study. For example, participants’ self-report of their diet may be inaccurate for many reasons. They may not remember what they ate, or they may want to portray themselves as making healthier choices than they typically make. Regardless of the reason, the information collected is not accurate and therefore introduces bias into the analysis.

    **Confounding**

    Confounding occurs when a third variable is really responsible for the association you think you see between two other variables. For example, suppose researchers detect a relationship between consumption of alcohol and occurrence of lung cancer. The results of the study seem to indicate that consuming alcohol leads to a higher risk of developing lung cancer. However, when researchers take into account that people who drink alcohol are much more likely to smoke than those who do not, it becomes clear that the real association is between smoking and lung cancer and the reason that those who consume alcohol had a higher risk of lung cancer was because they were also more likely to be smokers. In this example, smoking was a confounder of the alcohol-lung cancer relationship.

    **Random Error**

    The previous three types of errors all fall under the category of
    _systematic errors_ , which are reproducible errors having to do with flaws in study design, sampling, data collection, analysis, or interpretation.
    _Random errors_ , on the other hand, are fluctuations in results that arise from naturally occurring differences in variables or samples. While unavoidable to a small degree even under the most careful research parameters, these types of errors can still affect the validity of studies.

    RESOURCES

    Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
    Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.

    [**WEEKLY RESOURCES**](https://waldenu.instructure.com/courses/215573/modules/items/9000116)

    TO PREPARE:

    · Review this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on how to recognize and distinguish selection bias, information bias, confounding, and random error in research studies.

    · Select a health issue and population relevant to your professional practice and a practice gap that may exist related to this issue.

    · Consider how each type of measurement error may influence data interpretation in epidemiologic literature and how you might apply the literature to address the identified practice gap.

    · Consider strategies you might use to recognize these errors and the implications they may have for addressing gaps in practice relevant to your selected issue.

    BY DAY 3 OF WEEK 6

    **Post** a cohesive scholarly response that addresses the following:

    · Describe your selected practice gap.

    · Explain how your treatment of this population/issue could be affected by having awareness of bias and confounding in epidemiologic literature.

    · Explain two strategies researchers can use to minimize these types of bias in studies, either through study design or analysis considerations.

    · Finally, explain the effects these biases could have on the interpretation of study results if not minimized.

    **wk6discepiEBSCO-FullText-03_31_2026.html**

    This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/wk6discepiebsco-fulltext-03-31-2026-html)

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    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management) **files (2)** – ## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx – ## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf **## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx** 2 Compensation Management HRM 6305 Unit III Essay Top of Form Yo…

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    [>Management homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/business-finance-management)

    **files (2)**

    – ## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx

    – ## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf

    **## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx**

    2

    Compensation Management HRM 6305 Unit III Essay

    Top of Form

    You are the human resources (HR) manager for a technology company that provides technical support for hospitals using computer systems that share information. Your company has just been awarded a new contract that is requiring a huge increase in the organization's workforce. The contract will involve providing technical support for several large hospital systems in the Midwest. As a result, you have been asked to outline the process that you will use to develop an internally consistent compensation system and present it to the owners of the company for approval.

    Create a minimum three-page essay, including an introduction and conclusion, in which you address the following issues:

    · Describe the reasons why an internally consistent compensation system is necessary.

    · Assess the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Bennett Amendment, and Executive Order 11246 on compensation practices.

    · Outline the process involved in creating an internally consistent compensation system.

    · In the introduction to your essay, create a fictional name and location for your company.

    Make sure that your essay includes enough information to convince the owners that the time, effort, and manpower that this process will take will be worth it to the company in the long run. Adhere to APA Style when constructing this assignment, including in-text citations and references for all sources that are used. Please note that no abstract is needed. This formal

    paper example provided by the CSU Writing Center shows this type of formatting.

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

    7. Categorize workers by the type of pay and benefits received.
    7.1 Describe the purpose of internally consistent compensation systems.
    7.2 Outline the process used to create internally consistent compensation systems.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 6: Building Internally Consistent Compensation Systems

    Unit Lesson

    In any organization, it is important to develop internally consistent compensation systems. This means that
    those employees who have higher qualifications, more responsibilities, and complete more complex work
    tasks are paid more money than those employees with less responsibilities and less qualifications. Pay
    structures are developed and are based on consistently developed and applied structures.

    All pay systems need to have internal equity, which means that employees working similar jobs are paid
    similarly. Pay systems need to demonstrate a perception of fairness to all employees. If the employees
    perceive the pay structure as fair, the employees are likely to perceive the organization’s leaders are fair
    as well.

    Internal equity can also protect against discrimination. Laws such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
    the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 are major
    considerations when addressing differences in wages for workers doing the same jobs. When the
    organization establishes internal consistency, the organization mitigates the risk to the organization.

    In addition to internal equity, the organization needs to pay employees consistently. A part of the process of
    developing an internally consistent pay structure includes conducting a job analysis to determine the worth of
    each job and the components of a job.

    A job description establishes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and responsibilities required for a positon. The
    job description then determines the job worth and the amount of pay for that positon. The more clearly the job
    analysis can determine the job description, the easier it is for the organization to justify the pay. Clear pay
    structures limit allegations of unfair treatment or inequitable pay for the same job.

    Job evaluations play an important role in determining how individuals are compensated. The biggest problem
    with job evaluations are the subjectivity with which they are conducted and the rate at which jobs
    fundamentally change. Both the subjectivity and the rate of change can cause inaccurate and unreliable
    ratings unless rating scales are clearly defined and job evaluators are trained and consistent. Those
    performing the job evaluations must be provided with complete and accurate information.

    The job evaluation process consists of the following six steps:

    • determining whether a single or a multiple job evaluation should be utilized,
    • choosing individuals to serve on a job evaluation committee,
    • training individuals to perform job evaluations,
    • ensuring that the job evaluation plan has been documented,
    • communicating the job evaluation result to employees, and

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Consistent Compensation Systems

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    • setting up a process by which employees can appeal the job evaluation results (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job evaluation methods can be categorized as market-based evaluation or job-content evaluation. In market-
    based evaluation, market data within the industry that the organization is a part of is used to determine how
    much a particular job is worth. That data is then used to determine whether or not the organization is paying
    employees too little or too much relative to what other organizations in the industry are paying. When pay is
    too low, the organization will have a hard time recruiting high-quality applicants, and when pay is too high, the
    organization will not remain profitable (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job-content evaluation plans, on the other hand, place more emphasis on the internal workings of the
    organization and how each particular job fits into it. The most common approach to job-content evaluations is
    the point-factor rating scale. The following steps are used to develop a point-factor scale:

    • Define the compensable factors that will be used to determine job worth.
    • Determine the number of levels for each factor.
    • Define each degree level.
    • Weight each compensable factor in relative importance for determining job worth.
    • Assign point values to the degrees associated with each compensable factor (Martocchio, 2020).

    Evaluators use job descriptions to rate each job and then calculate a total point value for a job by adding up
    the points earned for each compensable factor. Compensable factors include things such as education,
    experience, knowledge, physical effort, mental effort, decision-making, consequences or errors, degree of
    influence, supervisory responsibilities, responsibilities for independent action, fiscal responsibility, risks, and
    physical and personal demands. The overall score for each job should reflect that job’s relative worth to the
    organization. If done correctly, the job evaluation method should establish internal consistency for the
    organization. This consistency is essential for a successful organization.

    Reference

    Martocchio, J. J. (2020). Strategic compensation: A human resource management approach (10th ed.).

    Pearson. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780135201930

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Each chapter of your textbook contains a case study related to the main theory or concept within the chapter.
    Review the case studies to gain a better understanding of the course materials as they relate to
    compensation considerations. Feel free to discuss the chapter case studies with your classmates in the
    Student Break Room forum.

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

    7. Categorize workers by the type of pay and benefits received.
    7.1 Describe the purpose of internally consistent compensation systems.
    7.2 Outline the process used to create internally consistent compensation systems.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 6: Building Internally Consistent Compensation Systems

    Unit Lesson

    In any organization, it is important to develop internally consistent compensation systems. This means that
    those employees who have higher qualifications, more responsibilities, and complete more complex work
    tasks are paid more money than those employees with less responsibilities and less qualifications. Pay
    structures are developed and are based on consistently developed and applied structures.

    All pay systems need to have internal equity, which means that employees working similar jobs are paid
    similarly. Pay systems need to demonstrate a perception of fairness to all employees. If the employees
    perceive the pay structure as fair, the employees are likely to perceive the organization’s leaders are fair
    as well.

    Internal equity can also protect against discrimination. Laws such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
    the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 are major
    considerations when addressing differences in wages for workers doing the same jobs. When the
    organization establishes internal consistency, the organization mitigates the risk to the organization.

    In addition to internal equity, the organization needs to pay employees consistently. A part of the process of
    developing an internally consistent pay structure includes conducting a job analysis to determine the worth of
    each job and the components of a job.

    A job description establishes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and responsibilities required for a positon. The
    job description then determines the job worth and the amount of pay for that positon. The more clearly the job
    analysis can determine the job description, the easier it is for the organization to justify the pay. Clear pay
    structures limit allegations of unfair treatment or inequitable pay for the same job.

    Job evaluations play an important role in determining how individuals are compensated. The biggest problem
    with job evaluations are the subjectivity with which they are conducted and the rate at which jobs
    fundamentally change. Both the subjectivity and the rate of change can cause inaccurate and unreliable
    ratings unless rating scales are clearly defined and job evaluators are trained and consistent. Those
    performing the job evaluations must be provided with complete and accurate information.

    The job evaluation process consists of the following six steps:

    • determining whether a single or a multiple job evaluation should be utilized,
    • choosing individuals to serve on a job evaluation committee,
    • training individuals to perform job evaluations,
    • ensuring that the job evaluation plan has been documented,
    • communicating the job evaluation result to employees, and

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Consistent Compensation Systems

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    • setting up a process by which employees can appeal the job evaluation results (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job evaluation methods can be categorized as market-based evaluation or job-content evaluation. In market-
    based evaluation, market data within the industry that the organization is a part of is used to determine how
    much a particular job is worth. That data is then used to determine whether or not the organization is paying
    employees too little or too much relative to what other organizations in the industry are paying. When pay is
    too low, the organization will have a hard time recruiting high-quality applicants, and when pay is too high, the
    organization will not remain profitable (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job-content evaluation plans, on the other hand, place more emphasis on the internal workings of the
    organization and how each particular job fits into it. The most common approach to job-content evaluations is
    the point-factor rating scale. The following steps are used to develop a point-factor scale:

    • Define the compensable factors that will be used to determine job worth.
    • Determine the number of levels for each factor.
    • Define each degree level.
    • Weight each compensable factor in relative importance for determining job worth.
    • Assign point values to the degrees associated with each compensable factor (Martocchio, 2020).

    Evaluators use job descriptions to rate each job and then calculate a total point value for a job by adding up
    the points earned for each compensable factor. Compensable factors include things such as education,
    experience, knowledge, physical effort, mental effort, decision-making, consequences or errors, degree of
    influence, supervisory responsibilities, responsibilities for independent action, fiscal responsibility, risks, and
    physical and personal demands. The overall score for each job should reflect that job’s relative worth to the
    organization. If done correctly, the job evaluation method should establish internal consistency for the
    organization. This consistency is essential for a successful organization.

    Reference

    Martocchio, J. J. (2020). Strategic compensation: A human resource management approach (10th ed.).

    Pearson. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780135201930

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Each chapter of your textbook contains a case study related to the main theory or concept within the chapter.
    Review the case studies to gain a better understanding of the course materials as they relate to
    compensation considerations. Feel free to discuss the chapter case studies with your classmates in the
    Student Break Room forum.

    **## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx**

    2

    Compensation Management HRM 6305 Unit III Essay

    Top of Form

    You are the human resources (HR) manager for a technology company that provides technical support for hospitals using computer systems that share information. Your company has just been awarded a new contract that is requiring a huge increase in the organization's workforce. The contract will involve providing technical support for several large hospital systems in the Midwest. As a result, you have been asked to outline the process that you will use to develop an internally consistent compensation system and present it to the owners of the company for approval.

    Create a minimum three-page essay, including an introduction and conclusion, in which you address the following issues:

    · Describe the reasons why an internally consistent compensation system is necessary.

    · Assess the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Bennett Amendment, and Executive Order 11246 on compensation practices.

    · Outline the process involved in creating an internally consistent compensation system.

    · In the introduction to your essay, create a fictional name and location for your company.

    Make sure that your essay includes enough information to convince the owners that the time, effort, and manpower that this process will take will be worth it to the company in the long run. Adhere to APA Style when constructing this assignment, including in-text citations and references for all sources that are used. Please note that no abstract is needed. This formal

    paper example provided by the CSU Writing Center shows this type of formatting.

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

    7. Categorize workers by the type of pay and benefits received.
    7.1 Describe the purpose of internally consistent compensation systems.
    7.2 Outline the process used to create internally consistent compensation systems.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 6: Building Internally Consistent Compensation Systems

    Unit Lesson

    In any organization, it is important to develop internally consistent compensation systems. This means that
    those employees who have higher qualifications, more responsibilities, and complete more complex work
    tasks are paid more money than those employees with less responsibilities and less qualifications. Pay
    structures are developed and are based on consistently developed and applied structures.

    All pay systems need to have internal equity, which means that employees working similar jobs are paid
    similarly. Pay systems need to demonstrate a perception of fairness to all employees. If the employees
    perceive the pay structure as fair, the employees are likely to perceive the organization’s leaders are fair
    as well.

    Internal equity can also protect against discrimination. Laws such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
    the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 are major
    considerations when addressing differences in wages for workers doing the same jobs. When the
    organization establishes internal consistency, the organization mitigates the risk to the organization.

    In addition to internal equity, the organization needs to pay employees consistently. A part of the process of
    developing an internally consistent pay structure includes conducting a job analysis to determine the worth of
    each job and the components of a job.

    A job description establishes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and responsibilities required for a positon. The
    job description then determines the job worth and the amount of pay for that positon. The more clearly the job
    analysis can determine the job description, the easier it is for the organization to justify the pay. Clear pay
    structures limit allegations of unfair treatment or inequitable pay for the same job.

    Job evaluations play an important role in determining how individuals are compensated. The biggest problem
    with job evaluations are the subjectivity with which they are conducted and the rate at which jobs
    fundamentally change. Both the subjectivity and the rate of change can cause inaccurate and unreliable
    ratings unless rating scales are clearly defined and job evaluators are trained and consistent. Those
    performing the job evaluations must be provided with complete and accurate information.

    The job evaluation process consists of the following six steps:

    • determining whether a single or a multiple job evaluation should be utilized,
    • choosing individuals to serve on a job evaluation committee,
    • training individuals to perform job evaluations,
    • ensuring that the job evaluation plan has been documented,
    • communicating the job evaluation result to employees, and

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Consistent Compensation Systems

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    • setting up a process by which employees can appeal the job evaluation results (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job evaluation methods can be categorized as market-based evaluation or job-content evaluation. In market-
    based evaluation, market data within the industry that the organization is a part of is used to determine how
    much a particular job is worth. That data is then used to determine whether or not the organization is paying
    employees too little or too much relative to what other organizations in the industry are paying. When pay is
    too low, the organization will have a hard time recruiting high-quality applicants, and when pay is too high, the
    organization will not remain profitable (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job-content evaluation plans, on the other hand, place more emphasis on the internal workings of the
    organization and how each particular job fits into it. The most common approach to job-content evaluations is
    the point-factor rating scale. The following steps are used to develop a point-factor scale:

    • Define the compensable factors that will be used to determine job worth.
    • Determine the number of levels for each factor.
    • Define each degree level.
    • Weight each compensable factor in relative importance for determining job worth.
    • Assign point values to the degrees associated with each compensable factor (Martocchio, 2020).

    Evaluators use job descriptions to rate each job and then calculate a total point value for a job by adding up
    the points earned for each compensable factor. Compensable factors include things such as education,
    experience, knowledge, physical effort, mental effort, decision-making, consequences or errors, degree of
    influence, supervisory responsibilities, responsibilities for independent action, fiscal responsibility, risks, and
    physical and personal demands. The overall score for each job should reflect that job’s relative worth to the
    organization. If done correctly, the job evaluation method should establish internal consistency for the
    organization. This consistency is essential for a successful organization.

    Reference

    Martocchio, J. J. (2020). Strategic compensation: A human resource management approach (10th ed.).

    Pearson. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780135201930

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Each chapter of your textbook contains a case study related to the main theory or concept within the chapter.
    Review the case studies to gain a better understanding of the course materials as they relate to
    compensation considerations. Feel free to discuss the chapter case studies with your classmates in the
    Student Break Room forum.

    **## CompensationManagmentHRM6305UnitIIIEssay.docx**

    2

    Compensation Management HRM 6305 Unit III Essay

    Top of Form

    You are the human resources (HR) manager for a technology company that provides technical support for hospitals using computer systems that share information. Your company has just been awarded a new contract that is requiring a huge increase in the organization's workforce. The contract will involve providing technical support for several large hospital systems in the Midwest. As a result, you have been asked to outline the process that you will use to develop an internally consistent compensation system and present it to the owners of the company for approval.

    Create a minimum three-page essay, including an introduction and conclusion, in which you address the following issues:

    · Describe the reasons why an internally consistent compensation system is necessary.

    · Assess the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Bennett Amendment, and Executive Order 11246 on compensation practices.

    · Outline the process involved in creating an internally consistent compensation system.

    · In the introduction to your essay, create a fictional name and location for your company.

    Make sure that your essay includes enough information to convince the owners that the time, effort, and manpower that this process will take will be worth it to the company in the long run. Adhere to APA Style when constructing this assignment, including in-text citations and references for all sources that are used. Please note that no abstract is needed. This formal

    paper example provided by the CSU Writing Center shows this type of formatting.

    **## UnitIIIStudyGuide.pdf**

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 1

    Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III

    Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:

    7. Categorize workers by the type of pay and benefits received.
    7.1 Describe the purpose of internally consistent compensation systems.
    7.2 Outline the process used to create internally consistent compensation systems.

    Required Unit Resources

    Chapter 6: Building Internally Consistent Compensation Systems

    Unit Lesson

    In any organization, it is important to develop internally consistent compensation systems. This means that
    those employees who have higher qualifications, more responsibilities, and complete more complex work
    tasks are paid more money than those employees with less responsibilities and less qualifications. Pay
    structures are developed and are based on consistently developed and applied structures.

    All pay systems need to have internal equity, which means that employees working similar jobs are paid
    similarly. Pay systems need to demonstrate a perception of fairness to all employees. If the employees
    perceive the pay structure as fair, the employees are likely to perceive the organization’s leaders are fair
    as well.

    Internal equity can also protect against discrimination. Laws such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964,
    the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, and the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 are major
    considerations when addressing differences in wages for workers doing the same jobs. When the
    organization establishes internal consistency, the organization mitigates the risk to the organization.

    In addition to internal equity, the organization needs to pay employees consistently. A part of the process of
    developing an internally consistent pay structure includes conducting a job analysis to determine the worth of
    each job and the components of a job.

    A job description establishes the knowledge, skills, abilities, and responsibilities required for a positon. The
    job description then determines the job worth and the amount of pay for that positon. The more clearly the job
    analysis can determine the job description, the easier it is for the organization to justify the pay. Clear pay
    structures limit allegations of unfair treatment or inequitable pay for the same job.

    Job evaluations play an important role in determining how individuals are compensated. The biggest problem
    with job evaluations are the subjectivity with which they are conducted and the rate at which jobs
    fundamentally change. Both the subjectivity and the rate of change can cause inaccurate and unreliable
    ratings unless rating scales are clearly defined and job evaluators are trained and consistent. Those
    performing the job evaluations must be provided with complete and accurate information.

    The job evaluation process consists of the following six steps:

    • determining whether a single or a multiple job evaluation should be utilized,
    • choosing individuals to serve on a job evaluation committee,
    • training individuals to perform job evaluations,
    • ensuring that the job evaluation plan has been documented,
    • communicating the job evaluation result to employees, and

    UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
    Consistent Compensation Systems

    HRM 6305, Compensation Management 2

    UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
    Title

    • setting up a process by which employees can appeal the job evaluation results (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job evaluation methods can be categorized as market-based evaluation or job-content evaluation. In market-
    based evaluation, market data within the industry that the organization is a part of is used to determine how
    much a particular job is worth. That data is then used to determine whether or not the organization is paying
    employees too little or too much relative to what other organizations in the industry are paying. When pay is
    too low, the organization will have a hard time recruiting high-quality applicants, and when pay is too high, the
    organization will not remain profitable (Martocchio, 2020).

    Job-content evaluation plans, on the other hand, place more emphasis on the internal workings of the
    organization and how each particular job fits into it. The most common approach to job-content evaluations is
    the point-factor rating scale. The following steps are used to develop a point-factor scale:

    • Define the compensable factors that will be used to determine job worth.
    • Determine the number of levels for each factor.
    • Define each degree level.
    • Weight each compensable factor in relative importance for determining job worth.
    • Assign point values to the degrees associated with each compensable factor (Martocchio, 2020).

    Evaluators use job descriptions to rate each job and then calculate a total point value for a job by adding up
    the points earned for each compensable factor. Compensable factors include things such as education,
    experience, knowledge, physical effort, mental effort, decision-making, consequences or errors, degree of
    influence, supervisory responsibilities, responsibilities for independent action, fiscal responsibility, risks, and
    physical and personal demands. The overall score for each job should reflect that job’s relative worth to the
    organization. If done correctly, the job evaluation method should establish internal consistency for the
    organization. This consistency is essential for a successful organization.

    Reference

    Martocchio, J. J. (2020). Strategic compensation: A human resource management approach (10th ed.).

    Pearson. https://online.vitalsource.com/#/books/9780135201930

    Learning Activities (Nongraded)

    Nongraded Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their course of study. You do not have to submit
    them. If you have questions, contact your instructor for further guidance and information.

    Each chapter of your textbook contains a case study related to the main theory or concept within the chapter.
    Review the case studies to gain a better understanding of the course materials as they relate to
    compensation considerations. Feel free to discuss the chapter case studies with your classmates in the
    Student Break Room forum.

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