Tag: Constitutional

[Solved] DUE 3/26.

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SEE ATTACHED **files (4)** – ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx – 10CatoJ59.pdf – lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government.pdf – Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf **## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx** PADM 700 DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS The student will complet…

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SEE ATTACHED

**files (4)**

– ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx

– 10CatoJ59.pdf
– lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government.pdf
– Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**Professor Tom Dye is a former professor and esteemed colleague from Florida State. In his book on American Federalism, he proposes a Madisonian-based “competitive federalism” model. Professor Dye argues that the U.S. federal system based on competition will produce desired results that are more responsive to stakeholders and citizens, more efficient services, and enhanced economic opportunity with lower taxes. Analyze Professor Dye’s model.**

Page 1 of 2

**10CatoJ59.pdf**

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**lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government.pdf**

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**Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf**

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**Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf**

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**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**Professor Tom Dye is a former professor and esteemed colleague from Florida State. In his book on American Federalism, he proposes a Madisonian-based “competitive federalism” model. Professor Dye argues that the U.S. federal system based on competition will produce desired results that are more responsive to stakeholders and citizens, more efficient services, and enhanced economic opportunity with lower taxes. Analyze Professor Dye’s model.**

Page 1 of 2

**10CatoJ59.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/10catoj59-pdf)

**lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government-pdf)

**Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/burke-understandingintergovernmentalrelations-2014-pdf)

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**Professor Tom Dye is a former professor and esteemed colleague from Florida State. In his book on American Federalism, he proposes a Madisonian-based “competitive federalism” model. Professor Dye argues that the U.S. federal system based on competition will produce desired results that are more responsive to stakeholders and citizens, more efficient services, and enhanced economic opportunity with lower taxes. Analyze Professor Dye’s model.**

Page 1 of 2

**10CatoJ59.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/10catoj59-pdf)

**lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/lynn-2013-america-s-broken-government-pdf)

**Burke-UnderstandingIntergovernmentalRelations-2014.pdf**

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November 6, 2026
[Solved] Crime scene

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[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) – 1.Discuss the various types of physical evidence one might collect in a sexual assault investigation. When might the evidence not be of value (aka probative?) – 2. What training is required for the specialized nurses who wo…

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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

– 1.Discuss the various types of physical evidence one might collect in a sexual assault investigation. When might the evidence not be of value (aka probative?)
– 2. What training is required for the specialized nurses who work with sexual assault victims and what is their professional organization called?
– 3. . Discuss some of the specialists that might be needed at the scene of a homicide.
4. Who has authority over the decedent?

5. What is the role of the pathologist and what are the different manner/causes of death?

6. Who are some forensic experts who may be called in to assist in homicide or death cases?

– 7. What is the reconstruction process and what questions can be answered?

8. What types of scenes would we reconstruct as experts or crime scene personnel?

November 6, 2026
[Solved] Law Assignment 4

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

Draft a memo in IRAC format use 3 United States cases and statutes **I – Issue** What is the legal question? ???? Identify the specific legal problem the court must decide. **R – Rule** What law applies? ???? State the relevant statute, case law, or legal principle. Explain the statues and cases use…

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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

Draft a memo in IRAC format

use 3 United States cases and statutes

**I – Issue**

What is the legal question?

???? Identify the specific legal problem the court must decide.

**R – Rule**

What law applies?

???? State the relevant statute, case law, or legal principle. Explain the statues and cases used

**A – Application (or Analysis)**

How do the cases annd statutes apply to the facts?

???? Connect the law to the specific facts. This is usually the longest section.

**C – Conclusion**

What is the likely outcome?

???? Give a clear, direct answer to the issue. no title page

reference page needed

citations must be correct

November 6, 2026
[Solved] Recidivism

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) _Recidivism is one of the biggest issues the U.S. correctional system faces. Inmates that are released from incarceration have a high probability of returning. If you were in charge of designing a program or policy to reduce r…

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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

_Recidivism is one of the biggest issues the U.S. correctional system faces. Inmates that are released from incarceration have a high probability of returning. If you were in charge of designing a program or policy to reduce recidivism, what would you focus on and why?_

Consider what you learned so far in the class and especially on the material in chapter 9. What specific strategies would you implement to help people successfully reintegrate into society and avoid reoffending?

November 6, 2026
[Solved] DUE 3/26

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

SEE ATTACHED **files (5)** – ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx – Key-LackBudgetaryTheory-1940.pdf – TheMultiplePurposesofPublicBudgeting_26_03_23_10_06_39.pdf – Schick-RoadPPBStages-1966.pdf – LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf **##…

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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

SEE ATTACHED

**files (5)**

– ## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx

– Key-LackBudgetaryTheory-1940.pdf
– TheMultiplePurposesofPublicBudgeting_26_03_23_10_06_39.pdf
– Schick-RoadPPBStages-1966.pdf
– LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**In an evaluation, discuss how the role and function of budgeting has been utilized to correct externalities and other market failures. Additionally, justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Thread Outline: Use bold statements as headings in your thread.**

**I. Summarize the role of the government in the budget process.**

**II. Analyze the role of the government in correcting externalities and other market failures.**

**III. Justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Externalities are a consequence of a governmental activity that affect other parties without this being reflected in the cost of the goods or services involved. Externalities by nature often are environmental. Some examples of negative externalities include:**

·
**Air pollution**

·
**Water pollution**

·
**Farm animal production**

·
**Passive smoking**

·
**Traffic congestion**

·
**Noise pollution**

**Market failure is an inefficient allocation of resources. Government failure occurs when government intervention results in a more inefficient and wasteful allocation of resources.**

Page 1 of 2

**Key-LackBudgetaryTheory-1940.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/key-lackbudgetarytheory-1940-pdf)

**TheMultiplePurposesofPublicBudgeting_26_03_23_10_06_39.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/themultiplepurposesofpublicbudgeting-26-03-23-10-06-39-pdf)

**Schick-RoadPPBStages-1966.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/schick-roadppbstages-1966-pdf)

**LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/localpublicbudgetingandthechallengesofdecentralizedgovernance-26-03-23-10-04-32-pdf)

**LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/localpublicbudgetingandthechallengesofdecentralizedgovernance-26-03-23-10-04-32-pdf)

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**In an evaluation, discuss how the role and function of budgeting has been utilized to correct externalities and other market failures. Additionally, justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Thread Outline: Use bold statements as headings in your thread.**

**I. Summarize the role of the government in the budget process.**

**II. Analyze the role of the government in correcting externalities and other market failures.**

**III. Justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Externalities are a consequence of a governmental activity that affect other parties without this being reflected in the cost of the goods or services involved. Externalities by nature often are environmental. Some examples of negative externalities include:**

·
**Air pollution**

·
**Water pollution**

·
**Farm animal production**

·
**Passive smoking**

·
**Traffic congestion**

·
**Noise pollution**

**Market failure is an inefficient allocation of resources. Government failure occurs when government intervention results in a more inefficient and wasteful allocation of resources.**

Page 1 of 2

**Key-LackBudgetaryTheory-1940.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/key-lackbudgetarytheory-1940-pdf)

**TheMultiplePurposesofPublicBudgeting_26_03_23_10_06_39.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/themultiplepurposesofpublicbudgeting-26-03-23-10-06-39-pdf)

**Schick-RoadPPBStages-1966.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/schick-roadppbstages-1966-pdf)

**LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/localpublicbudgetingandthechallengesofdecentralizedgovernance-26-03-23-10-04-32-pdf)

**## DiscussionAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 700

DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT INSTRUCTIONS

The student will complete two Discussions in this course. The student will post one thread of at

least 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. The student

must then post two replies of at least 250 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of the assigned

Module: Week. For each thread, students must support their assertions using scholarly and/or

Biblical citations in current APA format.
Each reply must use scholarly and/or Biblical citations

in current APA format.
**Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years.**

**In an evaluation, discuss how the role and function of budgeting has been utilized to correct externalities and other market failures. Additionally, justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Thread Outline: Use bold statements as headings in your thread.**

**I. Summarize the role of the government in the budget process.**

**II. Analyze the role of the government in correcting externalities and other market failures.**

**III. Justify the use of taxpayer resources to correct externalities and other market failures.**

**Externalities are a consequence of a governmental activity that affect other parties without this being reflected in the cost of the goods or services involved. Externalities by nature often are environmental. Some examples of negative externalities include:**

·
**Air pollution**

·
**Water pollution**

·
**Farm animal production**

·
**Passive smoking**

·
**Traffic congestion**

·
**Noise pollution**

**Market failure is an inefficient allocation of resources. Government failure occurs when government intervention results in a more inefficient and wasteful allocation of resources.**

Page 1 of 2

**Key-LackBudgetaryTheory-1940.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/key-lackbudgetarytheory-1940-pdf)

**TheMultiplePurposesofPublicBudgeting_26_03_23_10_06_39.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/themultiplepurposesofpublicbudgeting-26-03-23-10-06-39-pdf)

**Schick-RoadPPBStages-1966.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/schick-roadppbstages-1966-pdf)

**LocalPublicBudgetingandtheChallengesofDecentralizedGovernance_26_03_23_10_04_32.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/localpublicbudgetingandthechallengesofdecentralizedgovernance-26-03-23-10-04-32-pdf)

November 6, 2026
[Solved] DUE 3/25

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

SEE ATTACHED **files (4)** – ## Instructions.docx – PublicAdministrationReview-2016-Amsler-CollaborativeGovernanceIntegratingManagementPoliticsandLaw.pdf – Vigoda-ResponsivenessCollaborationGovernance-2002-Copy.pdf – ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf **## Instructions.docx** PADM 700 _As you have experienc…

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Immediate access to the full model answer, formatted citations, and rubric breakdown.

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Have this question answered from scratch according to your specific instructions and deadline.
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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

SEE ATTACHED

**files (4)**

– ## Instructions.docx

– PublicAdministrationReview-2016-Amsler-CollaborativeGovernanceIntegratingManagementPoliticsandLaw.pdf
– Vigoda-ResponsivenessCollaborationGovernance-2002-Copy.pdf
– ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf

**## Instructions.docx**

PADM 700

_As you have experienced, finding a real-life case study can be a challenge._

_If you have some difficulty finding a case study on governance of interest and value to you, please feel free to use this one. Especially if you have interest and experience in child protection, law enforcement, other governmental agencies, or the courts. It provides a clear examples of diametrically opposed differences in ethics, governance, and culture of child welfare from 1960-1985. Unfortunately, there are still way too many similar horrendous cases like this._

**Discussion:**

**The Dennis Sherwood Jurgens is an actual case example to: 1) learn about and from; and then 2) assess the ethical/unethical, governance, and (pseudo) statesmanship actions of the major persons and governmental organizations involved. I know this one personally.**

**Here are the asks:**

**Learn: Please search Dennis Jurgens, Lois Jurgens, Jerry Sherwood, and the other names and organizations you identify as involved in this situation, listed below. You may want to read the book**
**A Death in White Bear Lake or watch the made-for-TV movie**
**A Child Lost Forever. I was hoping John Wayne would play me but…..:)**

**Here are some links to get you started.**

[**https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE#imgrc=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M**](https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE)

[**https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm**](https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm)

**In 1987 People Magazine did a story on this tragic case.**

**In 1988**
**60 Minutes ran a story “No One Saved Dennis”.**

**Read the 1988 book**
**_A Death in White Bear Lake_.**

**Or watch the 1992 made-for-TV movie,**
**A Child Lost Forever.**

[**https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09**](https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09)

**Apply: Submit your discussion post with the following critical components.**

1.
**Summarize the story. What happened in:**

1.
**1960?**

2.
**1965?**

3.
**1986-1987?**

2.
**Share the context of the times and situations:**

.
**What was the situation and culture in 1960 if an unwed, 17 year old ward of the state became pregnant (and, yes, I am using the terms of that time)?**

.
**And what were the needs for adoptive family and adoption services system like at that time?**

.
**By 1985 what had changed re. adoptions (and abortion) and the right of birth mothers to have the adoptive social services agency contact her birth child to see if she/he (after age 21) wanted to connect in some way?**

3.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1960:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Adoptive Services**

.
**Lois Jurgens**

.
**Harold Jurgens**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**White Bear Lake Police, especially Jerome Zerwas**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

4.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1985:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**Ramsey County Attorney**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

.
**Robert Jurgens**

5.
**What are the practical lessons you learned about ethics, statesmanship, and public sector governance from this horribly tragic case example? Which, unfortunately, is much more common than any of us want to believe.**

**Very important—it is easy for us to 'judge' the actions of others years ago from our time today. I suggest we always need to seek to understand the times and culture that person lived in before we pass any of our judgments of today on them.**

**PublicAdministrationReview-2016-Amsler-CollaborativeGovernanceIntegratingManagementPoliticsandLaw.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/publicadministrationreview-2016-amsler-collaborativegovernanceintegratingmanagementpoliticsandlaw-pdf-10520603)

**Vigoda-ResponsivenessCollaborationGovernance-2002-Copy.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/vigoda-responsivenesscollaborationgovernance-2002-copy-pdf)

**ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/readfischerpages63to69-pdf)

**ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/readfischerpages63to69-pdf)

**## Instructions.docx**

PADM 700

_As you have experienced, finding a real-life case study can be a challenge._

_If you have some difficulty finding a case study on governance of interest and value to you, please feel free to use this one. Especially if you have interest and experience in child protection, law enforcement, other governmental agencies, or the courts. It provides a clear examples of diametrically opposed differences in ethics, governance, and culture of child welfare from 1960-1985. Unfortunately, there are still way too many similar horrendous cases like this._

**Discussion:**

**The Dennis Sherwood Jurgens is an actual case example to: 1) learn about and from; and then 2) assess the ethical/unethical, governance, and (pseudo) statesmanship actions of the major persons and governmental organizations involved. I know this one personally.**

**Here are the asks:**

**Learn: Please search Dennis Jurgens, Lois Jurgens, Jerry Sherwood, and the other names and organizations you identify as involved in this situation, listed below. You may want to read the book**
**A Death in White Bear Lake or watch the made-for-TV movie**
**A Child Lost Forever. I was hoping John Wayne would play me but…..:)**

**Here are some links to get you started.**

[**https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE#imgrc=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M**](https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE)

[**https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm**](https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm)

**In 1987 People Magazine did a story on this tragic case.**

**In 1988**
**60 Minutes ran a story “No One Saved Dennis”.**

**Read the 1988 book**
**_A Death in White Bear Lake_.**

**Or watch the 1992 made-for-TV movie,**
**A Child Lost Forever.**

[**https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09**](https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09)

**Apply: Submit your discussion post with the following critical components.**

1.
**Summarize the story. What happened in:**

1.
**1960?**

2.
**1965?**

3.
**1986-1987?**

2.
**Share the context of the times and situations:**

.
**What was the situation and culture in 1960 if an unwed, 17 year old ward of the state became pregnant (and, yes, I am using the terms of that time)?**

.
**And what were the needs for adoptive family and adoption services system like at that time?**

.
**By 1985 what had changed re. adoptions (and abortion) and the right of birth mothers to have the adoptive social services agency contact her birth child to see if she/he (after age 21) wanted to connect in some way?**

3.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1960:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Adoptive Services**

.
**Lois Jurgens**

.
**Harold Jurgens**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**White Bear Lake Police, especially Jerome Zerwas**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

4.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1985:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**Ramsey County Attorney**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

.
**Robert Jurgens**

5.
**What are the practical lessons you learned about ethics, statesmanship, and public sector governance from this horribly tragic case example? Which, unfortunately, is much more common than any of us want to believe.**

**Very important—it is easy for us to 'judge' the actions of others years ago from our time today. I suggest we always need to seek to understand the times and culture that person lived in before we pass any of our judgments of today on them.**

**PublicAdministrationReview-2016-Amsler-CollaborativeGovernanceIntegratingManagementPoliticsandLaw.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/publicadministrationreview-2016-amsler-collaborativegovernanceintegratingmanagementpoliticsandlaw-pdf-10520603)

**Vigoda-ResponsivenessCollaborationGovernance-2002-Copy.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/vigoda-responsivenesscollaborationgovernance-2002-copy-pdf)

**ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/readfischerpages63to69-pdf)

**## Instructions.docx**

PADM 700

_As you have experienced, finding a real-life case study can be a challenge._

_If you have some difficulty finding a case study on governance of interest and value to you, please feel free to use this one. Especially if you have interest and experience in child protection, law enforcement, other governmental agencies, or the courts. It provides a clear examples of diametrically opposed differences in ethics, governance, and culture of child welfare from 1960-1985. Unfortunately, there are still way too many similar horrendous cases like this._

**Discussion:**

**The Dennis Sherwood Jurgens is an actual case example to: 1) learn about and from; and then 2) assess the ethical/unethical, governance, and (pseudo) statesmanship actions of the major persons and governmental organizations involved. I know this one personally.**

**Here are the asks:**

**Learn: Please search Dennis Jurgens, Lois Jurgens, Jerry Sherwood, and the other names and organizations you identify as involved in this situation, listed below. You may want to read the book**
**A Death in White Bear Lake or watch the made-for-TV movie**
**A Child Lost Forever. I was hoping John Wayne would play me but…..:)**

**Here are some links to get you started.**

[**https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE#imgrc=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M**](https://www.google.com/search?q=The+Pioneer+Press+Dennis+Jurgens&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=pg1_dzkFMp3T4M%252CWT0rZ8a3Q_f2GM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kQx7O9qFb2vVnQDUrDdsAVsp_G8Ng&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXvdCTtrfuAhVQ-qwKHekvBuoQ9QF6BAgcEAE)

[**https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm**](https://murderpedia.org/female.J/j/jurgens-lois.htm)

**In 1987 People Magazine did a story on this tragic case.**

**In 1988**
**60 Minutes ran a story “No One Saved Dennis”.**

**Read the 1988 book**
**_A Death in White Bear Lake_.**

**Or watch the 1992 made-for-TV movie,**
**A Child Lost Forever.**

[**https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09**](https://www.directv.com/movies/A-Child-Lost-Forever-ejVWcFVYSXNVTTQ2cCtFWDVySnJrZz09)

**Apply: Submit your discussion post with the following critical components.**

1.
**Summarize the story. What happened in:**

1.
**1960?**

2.
**1965?**

3.
**1986-1987?**

2.
**Share the context of the times and situations:**

.
**What was the situation and culture in 1960 if an unwed, 17 year old ward of the state became pregnant (and, yes, I am using the terms of that time)?**

.
**And what were the needs for adoptive family and adoption services system like at that time?**

.
**By 1985 what had changed re. adoptions (and abortion) and the right of birth mothers to have the adoptive social services agency contact her birth child to see if she/he (after age 21) wanted to connect in some way?**

3.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1960:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Adoptive Services**

.
**Lois Jurgens**

.
**Harold Jurgens**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**White Bear Lake Police, especially Jerome Zerwas**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

4.
**Assess the ethics, statesmanship, and/or governance actions of the following in 1985:**

.
**Jerry Sherwood**

.
**Ramsey County Child Protection**

.
**Ramsey County Attorney**

.
**Ramsey County Coroner**

.
**Robert Jurgens**

5.
**What are the practical lessons you learned about ethics, statesmanship, and public sector governance from this horribly tragic case example? Which, unfortunately, is much more common than any of us want to believe.**

**Very important—it is easy for us to 'judge' the actions of others years ago from our time today. I suggest we always need to seek to understand the times and culture that person lived in before we pass any of our judgments of today on them.**

**PublicAdministrationReview-2016-Amsler-CollaborativeGovernanceIntegratingManagementPoliticsandLaw.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/publicadministrationreview-2016-amsler-collaborativegovernanceintegratingmanagementpoliticsandlaw-pdf-10520603)

**Vigoda-ResponsivenessCollaborationGovernance-2002-Copy.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/vigoda-responsivenesscollaborationgovernance-2002-copy-pdf)

**ReadFischerpages63to69.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/readfischerpages63to69-pdf)

November 6, 2026
[Solved] CRIJ 1313

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[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) **What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?** **files (2)** – ## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages – ## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx **## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages** ## Data/PresetImageFill1…

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[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

**What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?**

**files (2)**

– ## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages

– ## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx

**## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages**

## Data/PresetImageFill1-25.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill5-29.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill3-27.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill4-28.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill0-24.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill2-26.jpg

## Data/bullet_gbutton_gray-30.png

## preview.jpg

**## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx**

**CRIJ 1313 – Juvenile Justice**

**Lesson 2 Writing Assignment:**

**What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?**

**Total Points: 25**

**Purpose of This Assignment**

In Lesson 2, we move from the history of juvenile justice to the central question of criminology:

·
**Why do juveniles commit delinquent acts?**

Theories of delinquency fall into major categories:

· Biosocial and psychological explanations

· Social structure theories

· Social process theories

· Life course theories

· Social reaction theories

Each offers a different explanation: some focus on internal traits, others on environmental conditions, and others on societal reactions.

This assignment requires you to take a clear position and defend it using theory and research.

**Central Question;**

·
**Which category of theory provides the most convincing explanation for juvenile delinquency – individual-based theories or social-based theories – and why?**

You may argue that:

· One category is superior,
**or**

· An integrated approach provides the strongest explanation.

However, your position must be clearly supported with scholarly evidence.

**Assignment Requirements**

Write a
**minimum 750-word analytical paper** that includes:

**1. Clear, Argumentative Thesis**

Your introduction must clearly state which theoretical perspective (or combination of perspectives) best explains juvenile delinquency and why.

Your paper must be analytical – not a summary of theories.

**2. Explanation of Competing Theories**

Provide a concise but accurate overview of:

**Individual-Based Theories**

· Biosocial perspectives

· Psychological theories

· Self-control theory

· Assumptions about responsibility, temperament, cognition, and impulsivity

**Social-Based Theories**

· Social disorganization

· Strain theory (Merton and Agnew)

· Differential association and learning theory

· Social bonding/control theory

· Labeling or conflict theory

Demonstrate a clear understanding of how these perspectives differ in their assumptions about the causes of delinquency.

**3. Critical Comparison**

Analyze how the competing perspectives explain:

· Onset of delinquency

· Persistence and escalation

· Desistance and turning points

Consider:

· Are juveniles shaped more by environment or internal traits?

· Do peer groups matter more than personality?

· Does poverty create crime, or does weak bonding?

· Does labeling reinforce delinquency?

You must move beyond description and defend why your selected perspective provides a stronger explanation.

**4. Policy and Practice Implications**

Explain how your chosen theoretical framework would influence:

· Prevention strategies

· Early intervention programs

· School-based initiatives

· Sentencing philosophy

· Rehabilitation efforts

Demonstrate how theory shapes real-world decisions in juvenile justice.

**5. Conclusion**

Defend your final position clearly:

· Is delinquency primarily structural?

· Primarily socialized?

· Primarily psychological?

· Or best explained through integrated theory?

Explain why your answer matters for juvenile justice policy.

**Formatting Requirements (APA 7th Edition)**

· Minimum
**750 words**

· 12-point Times New Roman

· Double-spaced

· Title page

· Proper in-text citations

· Reference page

· Minimum
**3 scholarly references**

· Textbook counts as one

· At least
**two additional credible academic or government sources required**

Failure to follow APA format will result in point deductions under the rubric.

**## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx**

**CRIJ 1313 – Juvenile Justice**

**Lesson 2 Writing Assignment:**

**What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?**

**Total Points: 25**

**Purpose of This Assignment**

In Lesson 2, we move from the history of juvenile justice to the central question of criminology:

·
**Why do juveniles commit delinquent acts?**

Theories of delinquency fall into major categories:

· Biosocial and psychological explanations

· Social structure theories

· Social process theories

· Life course theories

· Social reaction theories

Each offers a different explanation: some focus on internal traits, others on environmental conditions, and others on societal reactions.

This assignment requires you to take a clear position and defend it using theory and research.

**Central Question;**

·
**Which category of theory provides the most convincing explanation for juvenile delinquency – individual-based theories or social-based theories – and why?**

You may argue that:

· One category is superior,
**or**

· An integrated approach provides the strongest explanation.

However, your position must be clearly supported with scholarly evidence.

**Assignment Requirements**

Write a
**minimum 750-word analytical paper** that includes:

**1. Clear, Argumentative Thesis**

Your introduction must clearly state which theoretical perspective (or combination of perspectives) best explains juvenile delinquency and why.

Your paper must be analytical – not a summary of theories.

**2. Explanation of Competing Theories**

Provide a concise but accurate overview of:

**Individual-Based Theories**

· Biosocial perspectives

· Psychological theories

· Self-control theory

· Assumptions about responsibility, temperament, cognition, and impulsivity

**Social-Based Theories**

· Social disorganization

· Strain theory (Merton and Agnew)

· Differential association and learning theory

· Social bonding/control theory

· Labeling or conflict theory

Demonstrate a clear understanding of how these perspectives differ in their assumptions about the causes of delinquency.

**3. Critical Comparison**

Analyze how the competing perspectives explain:

· Onset of delinquency

· Persistence and escalation

· Desistance and turning points

Consider:

· Are juveniles shaped more by environment or internal traits?

· Do peer groups matter more than personality?

· Does poverty create crime, or does weak bonding?

· Does labeling reinforce delinquency?

You must move beyond description and defend why your selected perspective provides a stronger explanation.

**4. Policy and Practice Implications**

Explain how your chosen theoretical framework would influence:

· Prevention strategies

· Early intervention programs

· School-based initiatives

· Sentencing philosophy

· Rehabilitation efforts

Demonstrate how theory shapes real-world decisions in juvenile justice.

**5. Conclusion**

Defend your final position clearly:

· Is delinquency primarily structural?

· Primarily socialized?

· Primarily psychological?

· Or best explained through integrated theory?

Explain why your answer matters for juvenile justice policy.

**Formatting Requirements (APA 7th Edition)**

· Minimum
**750 words**

· 12-point Times New Roman

· Double-spaced

· Title page

· Proper in-text citations

· Reference page

· Minimum
**3 scholarly references**

· Textbook counts as one

· At least
**two additional credible academic or government sources required**

Failure to follow APA format will result in point deductions under the rubric.

**## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages**

## Data/PresetImageFill1-25.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill5-29.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill3-27.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill4-28.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill0-24.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill2-26.jpg

## Data/bullet_gbutton_gray-30.png

## preview.jpg

**## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx**

**CRIJ 1313 – Juvenile Justice**

**Lesson 2 Writing Assignment:**

**What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?**

**Total Points: 25**

**Purpose of This Assignment**

In Lesson 2, we move from the history of juvenile justice to the central question of criminology:

·
**Why do juveniles commit delinquent acts?**

Theories of delinquency fall into major categories:

· Biosocial and psychological explanations

· Social structure theories

· Social process theories

· Life course theories

· Social reaction theories

Each offers a different explanation: some focus on internal traits, others on environmental conditions, and others on societal reactions.

This assignment requires you to take a clear position and defend it using theory and research.

**Central Question;**

·
**Which category of theory provides the most convincing explanation for juvenile delinquency – individual-based theories or social-based theories – and why?**

You may argue that:

· One category is superior,
**or**

· An integrated approach provides the strongest explanation.

However, your position must be clearly supported with scholarly evidence.

**Assignment Requirements**

Write a
**minimum 750-word analytical paper** that includes:

**1. Clear, Argumentative Thesis**

Your introduction must clearly state which theoretical perspective (or combination of perspectives) best explains juvenile delinquency and why.

Your paper must be analytical – not a summary of theories.

**2. Explanation of Competing Theories**

Provide a concise but accurate overview of:

**Individual-Based Theories**

· Biosocial perspectives

· Psychological theories

· Self-control theory

· Assumptions about responsibility, temperament, cognition, and impulsivity

**Social-Based Theories**

· Social disorganization

· Strain theory (Merton and Agnew)

· Differential association and learning theory

· Social bonding/control theory

· Labeling or conflict theory

Demonstrate a clear understanding of how these perspectives differ in their assumptions about the causes of delinquency.

**3. Critical Comparison**

Analyze how the competing perspectives explain:

· Onset of delinquency

· Persistence and escalation

· Desistance and turning points

Consider:

· Are juveniles shaped more by environment or internal traits?

· Do peer groups matter more than personality?

· Does poverty create crime, or does weak bonding?

· Does labeling reinforce delinquency?

You must move beyond description and defend why your selected perspective provides a stronger explanation.

**4. Policy and Practice Implications**

Explain how your chosen theoretical framework would influence:

· Prevention strategies

· Early intervention programs

· School-based initiatives

· Sentencing philosophy

· Rehabilitation efforts

Demonstrate how theory shapes real-world decisions in juvenile justice.

**5. Conclusion**

Defend your final position clearly:

· Is delinquency primarily structural?

· Primarily socialized?

· Primarily psychological?

· Or best explained through integrated theory?

Explain why your answer matters for juvenile justice policy.

**Formatting Requirements (APA 7th Edition)**

· Minimum
**750 words**

· 12-point Times New Roman

· Double-spaced

· Title page

· Proper in-text citations

· Reference page

· Minimum
**3 scholarly references**

· Textbook counts as one

· At least
**two additional credible academic or government sources required**

Failure to follow APA format will result in point deductions under the rubric.

**## Lesson1GradingRubric.pages**

## Data/PresetImageFill1-25.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill5-29.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill3-27.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill4-28.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill0-24.jpg

## Data/PresetImageFill2-26.jpg

## Data/bullet_gbutton_gray-30.png

## preview.jpg

**## CRIJ1313letter2assignment.docx**

**CRIJ 1313 – Juvenile Justice**

**Lesson 2 Writing Assignment:**

**What Causes Juvenile Delinquency? Structure, Socialization, or Individual Traits?**

**Total Points: 25**

**Purpose of This Assignment**

In Lesson 2, we move from the history of juvenile justice to the central question of criminology:

·
**Why do juveniles commit delinquent acts?**

Theories of delinquency fall into major categories:

· Biosocial and psychological explanations

· Social structure theories

· Social process theories

· Life course theories

· Social reaction theories

Each offers a different explanation: some focus on internal traits, others on environmental conditions, and others on societal reactions.

This assignment requires you to take a clear position and defend it using theory and research.

**Central Question;**

·
**Which category of theory provides the most convincing explanation for juvenile delinquency – individual-based theories or social-based theories – and why?**

You may argue that:

· One category is superior,
**or**

· An integrated approach provides the strongest explanation.

However, your position must be clearly supported with scholarly evidence.

**Assignment Requirements**

Write a
**minimum 750-word analytical paper** that includes:

**1. Clear, Argumentative Thesis**

Your introduction must clearly state which theoretical perspective (or combination of perspectives) best explains juvenile delinquency and why.

Your paper must be analytical – not a summary of theories.

**2. Explanation of Competing Theories**

Provide a concise but accurate overview of:

**Individual-Based Theories**

· Biosocial perspectives

· Psychological theories

· Self-control theory

· Assumptions about responsibility, temperament, cognition, and impulsivity

**Social-Based Theories**

· Social disorganization

· Strain theory (Merton and Agnew)

· Differential association and learning theory

· Social bonding/control theory

· Labeling or conflict theory

Demonstrate a clear understanding of how these perspectives differ in their assumptions about the causes of delinquency.

**3. Critical Comparison**

Analyze how the competing perspectives explain:

· Onset of delinquency

· Persistence and escalation

· Desistance and turning points

Consider:

· Are juveniles shaped more by environment or internal traits?

· Do peer groups matter more than personality?

· Does poverty create crime, or does weak bonding?

· Does labeling reinforce delinquency?

You must move beyond description and defend why your selected perspective provides a stronger explanation.

**4. Policy and Practice Implications**

Explain how your chosen theoretical framework would influence:

· Prevention strategies

· Early intervention programs

· School-based initiatives

· Sentencing philosophy

· Rehabilitation efforts

Demonstrate how theory shapes real-world decisions in juvenile justice.

**5. Conclusion**

Defend your final position clearly:

· Is delinquency primarily structural?

· Primarily socialized?

· Primarily psychological?

· Or best explained through integrated theory?

Explain why your answer matters for juvenile justice policy.

**Formatting Requirements (APA 7th Edition)**

· Minimum
**750 words**

· 12-point Times New Roman

· Double-spaced

· Title page

· Proper in-text citations

· Reference page

· Minimum
**3 scholarly references**

· Textbook counts as one

· At least
**two additional credible academic or government sources required**

Failure to follow APA format will result in point deductions under the rubric.

November 6, 2026
[Solved] organized crime ess

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) discussion question

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[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

discussion question

November 6, 2026
[Solved] Post

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Executive Solution Overview

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) Assignment Readings • Criminal Justice and Criminology (8th ed.) • Chapter 4. General Issues in Research Design • Chapter 5. Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement **1) Explain in detail "units of analysis". (2) What ar…

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Assignment Prompt & Instructions

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

Assignment Readings

• Criminal Justice and Criminology (8th ed.)

• Chapter 4. General Issues in Research Design

• Chapter 5. Concepts, Operationalization, and Measurement

**1) Explain in detail "units of analysis". (2) What are cross-sectional and longitudinal studies? (3) Describe in detail the three basic requirements that determine a causal relationship in scientific research. (4) What are the criteria for measurement quality? (Discuss reliability and validity).**

**300 word minimum**

end with a question to peers

November 6, 2026
[Solved] CRIJ 1313

✓ Verified Academic Solution Available

Executive Solution Overview

[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal) Respon to the discussion post **files (2)** – ## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneoftheassignedshortstories.docx – ## PDFFile-engl1302_wal_ch01.pdf **## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneofth…

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[>Criminal homework help](https://www.sweetstudy.com/fields/law-criminal)

Respon to the discussion post

**files (2)**

– ## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneoftheassignedshortstories.docx

– ## PDFFile-engl1302_wal_ch01.pdf

**## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneoftheassignedshortstories.docx**

Top of Form

· Explain how the various elements of the plot progress in one of the assigned short stories.

· How does the setting affect your interpretation of one of the assigned stories? What aspects of the setting – physical, geographical, historical – are important in the story you chose to write about? Be specific and provide examples for support from the reading.

· Describe the author's style in one of the assigned stories. What sort of diction does the author use? What effect does it have on his/her rhetoric?

**Note:** To earn full credit for this graded discussion, post at least
**two** times. First, post your own thoughts. This post should be substantial (containing at least
**300-350** words). Next, respond to the post of another student. Remember to follow the rules of netiquette. Be polite, professional, and thoughtful. This post should contain at least
**100-150** words. All posts need to be in your own words. Refer to the
**Grading rubric** on the right for specific content criteria.

Bottom of Form

**## PDFFile-engl1302_wal_ch01.pdf**

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**## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneoftheassignedshortstories.docx**

Top of Form

· Explain how the various elements of the plot progress in one of the assigned short stories.

· How does the setting affect your interpretation of one of the assigned stories? What aspects of the setting – physical, geographical, historical – are important in the story you chose to write about? Be specific and provide examples for support from the reading.

· Describe the author's style in one of the assigned stories. What sort of diction does the author use? What effect does it have on his/her rhetoric?

**Note:** To earn full credit for this graded discussion, post at least
**two** times. First, post your own thoughts. This post should be substantial (containing at least
**300-350** words). Next, respond to the post of another student. Remember to follow the rules of netiquette. Be polite, professional, and thoughtful. This post should contain at least
**100-150** words. All posts need to be in your own words. Refer to the
**Grading rubric** on the right for specific content criteria.

Bottom of Form

**## PDFFile-engl1302_wal_ch01.pdf**

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**## Explainhowthevariouselementsoftheplotprogressinoneoftheassignedshortstories.docx**

Top of Form

· Explain how the various elements of the plot progress in one of the assigned short stories.

· How does the setting affect your interpretation of one of the assigned stories? What aspects of the setting – physical, geographical, historical – are important in the story you chose to write about? Be specific and provide examples for support from the reading.

· Describe the author's style in one of the assigned stories. What sort of diction does the author use? What effect does it have on his/her rhetoric?

**Note:** To earn full credit for this graded discussion, post at least
**two** times. First, post your own thoughts. This post should be substantial (containing at least
**300-350** words). Next, respond to the post of another student. Remember to follow the rules of netiquette. Be polite, professional, and thoughtful. This post should contain at least
**100-150** words. All posts need to be in your own words. Refer to the
**Grading rubric** on the right for specific content criteria.

Bottom of Form

**## PDFFile-engl1302_wal_ch01.pdf**

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November 6, 2026